cellular respiration Flashcards
why is atp a nucleotide
-composed of a 5carbon sugar (ribose)
-nitrogenous base (adenine)
-three phosphate groups
what properties of atp make it suitable as an energy source
-small and releases little but efficient energy
-can be recycled
-small, hence it can be transported easily
-cannot simply move through cell membranes through simple diffusion so its controllable
-universal to all living things
hydrolysis
the process where atp is split into adp and p through the addition of water
condensation reaction
reverse process to hydrolysis, making atp from adp, through the removal of water
organic compounds
primary initial energy source, from food,
molecules containing
carbon-carbon or
carbon-hyrogen bonds
like glucose or fatty acids
and through metabolic processes they get oxidised and the potential energy stored in them get transformed into ATP
most important organic compounds in cellular respiration
glucose, pyruvate, NADH and FADH2, and acetyl-CoA
the three main purposes of atp
-synthesising macromolecules
-active transport
-movement
synthesising macromolecules
-synthesis of starch from glucose (in plants)
-production of protein
-dna replication (joining the nucleotides together)
movement
-muscle contractions
-movement of flagella
active transport
-transport of substances against the concentration gradient in membrane transport (like active transport its in the name)
-endocytosis//exocytosis
aerobic
with oxygen
anaerobic
no oxygen
anaerobic respiration
quickly produces small quantities of atp
aerobic respiration
slowly produces large quantities of oxygen
