adaptation to the environment Flashcards
habitat
the place where an organism lives which could be both in terms of geography as well as its physical location within an ecoststem
biotic factors
living factors that impact on feeding, predator- prey, symbiotic, naturalistic or other forms of interdependent relationship
bacteria plants animals fungi
ambiotic factors
non living physical factors that influence on specific adaptations of organisms to live in their respective habitat
temperature light minerals humidity ph
small leaves
stunted growth to stay close to the ground
white
reflects light
thick fleshy leaves
storing water and nutrient
thick waxy cuticle
reduces water loss through transpiration
rolled up leaves
create a humid chamber and reduce exposure to the wind (reducing transpiration)
stomata (pores) ewwww
in indentatians keeps humid air with no exposure to wind
underground stems
stability
can extend deeeeep into the ground ti obtain eater
underground stems
provide stability, can extend deep into ground to obtain water
pneumatophores and cable roots
vertical roots which grow into air and absobr oxygen,
provide stability and
often grow closer to the ground to obtain oxygen
stilt roots growing in a downward arch from the stem
anchor the trees into the ground and increase stability
bouoyant seeds
can be carried by the ocean currents and allow dispersal to fertile soil
salt smth in leaves
excess salt removal due to increased salt water upturn
plant distributions are affected by
temperature, water availability, light intensity, soil pH, soil salinity, availability pf mineral nutrients
teo ways of investigating the rangr of tolerance of an ambiotic factor
line transect
belt transect
line transect
organisms found at the regular sample point are recorded
belt transect
quadrate are placed at regular sample points and the abundance of the organisms within each is recorded
tropical
high temperature, minimal season variation, high precipitation, super high plant biodiversity
temperate
high temperature, different seasons warm summers cold winters, medium high precipitation, lots of trees which lose their leaves
taiga (boreal)
low temperature, short summers, long winters, medium high precipitation, evergreen forests
desert
high temperature, minimal season variation, super low precipitation, no plants
grassland
high medium temperature, its dry and cold, medium high precipitation, grass species and lots of unsignificant trees
tundra
very low temp, short summers and super cold winters, medium low precipitation, not much plants
