Cells: Structure of Eukaryotic Cells - Functions of Organelles Flashcards
What is the function of the cell-surface membrane?
- Regulates the movement of substances into and out of the cell
- Has receptor molecules on it, which allow it to respond to chemicals like hormones
What is the function of the nucleus?
- Contains genetic information (DNA)
- The pores allow substances (e.g RNA) to move between the nucleus and the cytoplasm
- The nucleolus makes ribosomes
What is the function of the mitochondrion?
- Site of aerobic respiration and ATP production
What is the function of the chloroplasts?
- The site of photosynthesis
- The stroma contains enzymes for the light-independent stage of photosynthesis
What is the function of the lysosomes?
- A type of Golgi vesicle that releases lysozymes
- Can be used to break down invading cells and worn components of the cell
What is the function of the ribosomes?
- Site of translation during protein synthesis
What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
- Folds and processes proteins that have been made at the ribosomes
What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
- Synthesises and processes lipids
What is the function of the cell wall?
- Provides structural strength to cells
- Prevents cells from bursting when water enters by osmosis
What is the function of the cell vacuole?
- Helps maintain pressure inside the cell and keep it rigid - this stops plants wilting
- Store amino acids and sugar
What is the function of the vesicles?
- To transport material within or outside the cell
What is the function of the golgi apparatus?
- It processes and packages new lipids and proteins
- Makes lysosomes
What is the function of the golgi vesicles?
- Stores lipids and proteins processed and packaged by the Golgi appatus and transports them out of the cell
