Cells Quiz Review 1 + 2 Flashcards
What is the basic unit of structure and function of all living things?
Cells
What separates the cell from its external environment and from neighboring cells?
Plasma/cell membrane
The brain for the control of the cells metabolic activities and cell division
Nucleus
Allows for a cell movement
Cilia and flagella
Serves as a site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP) stores ATP.
Mitochondria
What is the reservoir for RNA?
Nucleolus
Holds DNA and protein material in a loose and diffuse state. During mitosis this organelle condenses to form the chromosomes.
Chromatin
Contains two centrioles that are functional during animal cell division
Centrosomes
Provides a passage for the transport of substances in cytoplasm
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Manufactures carbohydrates and PACKAGES secretions for discharge from the cell
Golgi apparatus
Serves as a site for protein synthesis
Ribosomes
Is a nuclear material that determines hereditary characteristics
Chromosomes
Is a center for cellular digestion
Lysosomes
Regulates transport of substance into and out of the cell
Nuclear membrane
A clear, semi-liquid medium that fills the space around the chromatin and the nucleoli (NEW WORD)
Nucleoplasm.
What provides an organized watery environment where life functions take place via the activities of the organelles?
Cytoplasm
An enzymes that oxidize cell substances. (NEW WORD)
Peroxisomes
Involves reproduction of a human
Meiosis
Involves the growth and maintenance of a cell or human.
Mitosis
Does not require an energy source l
Passive transport (Diffusion, Osmosis, Filtration)
Requires an energy source
Active transport (phagocytosis, pinocytosis)
Molecules moving from a higher concentration to lower concentration
Diffusion
Molecules moving from higher concentration to lower concentration THRU/BY water or fluid
osmosis
Selects which particles or water moves across a semipermeables membrane by a mechanical force, such as blood pressure.
Filtration
The ingestion of foreign or other particles by certain cells. (cell eating)
Phagocytosis
The process of engulfing large molecules in solution(water) and taking them into the cell (cell drinking)
Pinocytosis
Cels that specialize in response
Nervous
Cells that specialize in oxygen transport
Red blood cells
The washing away of tissues
Atrophy
An increase in the size of muscle cell
Hypertrophy
An excessive proliferation of normal cells
Hyperplasia
The ability to change into another type of cell
Metaplasia
Any abnormal development of tissues or organs.
Dysplasia
Uncontrolled growth pattern in a cell may result in a neoplasm:
Neoplasia
Also know as a tumor
Neoplasm
What means non cancerous?
Benign tumors
What means cancerous?
Malignant tumors
The transfer of malignant cells from an original site to a distant one through the circulatory system or lymph vessels. AKA cancer is spreading throughout the body.
Metastasis
An older person has what percentage of fewer cells than a young adult?
30%
Forms the internal framework of a cell
Cytoskeleton
