Anatomy Intro Flashcards
Anatomy
Refers to how the body is organized to the bones, muscles and joints
Physiology
The study of the body systems; How and Why they work together
Pathophysiology
The study of how disease occurs and the response of the disease process
Health
A complete state of physical, emotional, spiritual, and social well-being, not just the absence of disease
Homeostasis
A constant state of balance within the body
Metabolism
The use of food nutrients by the body to produce energy. The sum of all physical and chemical processes take place within the body
Cell
The smallest unit within the body
Tissue
A group of cells working together
Organ
A group of tissues working together
Body/Organ System
A group of organs working together
Skeletal System
Provides a framework for the body
Muscular System
Achieves movement and produces heat
Circulatory/Cardiovasular system
Pumps blood and carries oxygen throughout the body
Respiratory System
Delivers oxygen and removes carbon dioxide
Nervous System
Communicates with all other systems of the body
Digestive System
Breaks down food into substances that can be used as energy
Immune System
Protects the body from infection
Urinary System
Filters waste products from the body
Hormonal/Endocrine System
Monitors blood and produces hormones
Reproductive System
Produces offspring
Integumentary System
(The Skin)
Protects the body from injury, infection and dehydration
Anatomical Position
Standing erect, arms at your side, palm forward and face forward
Fundamental Position
Standing erect, arms at your side, palms at your side, face forward
Axial Skeleton
Head and Trunk of the Body
Appendicular Skeleton
Extremities
Frontal/Coronal Plane
Divides the body into a front half and back half
Anterior
Towards the front
Ventral
The Front
Posterior
Towards the back
Dorsal
The Back
Sagittal/Midsagittal Plane
Divides the body into a right and left equal half
Midline
Anatomical MIddle of the Body
Medial
Closer to the Midline
Lateral
Farther from the Midline
Transverse/Horizontal Plane
Divides the body into top and bottom section
Superior
Closer to the head or above another body part
Inferior
Closer to the feet or below another body part
Proximal
Closer to the point of attachment (Refers to the extremities only)
Distal
Farther from the point of attachment (Refers to the extremities only)
Orbital Cavity
Eyes
Nasal Cavity
Nose Structures
Buccal/Oral Cavity
Mouth, Tongue and Teeth
Spinal Cavity
Contains the vertebrae and spinal cord
Ventral or Anterior Cavity
Second Main Body Cavity
Separated into two distinct cavities by the diaphragm
Contains two cavities: Thoracic cavity and Abdominal-Pelvic Cavity
