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Biology > Cells and Tissues > Flashcards

Cells and Tissues Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Cell membrane

A

Separates cell from surroundings, made of lipid bilayer

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1
Q

Organelle

A

Part of a cell

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2
Q

Nucleus

A

Control center of cell, surrounded by double membrane (nuclear envelope), contains DNA in chromosomes

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3
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Includes fluid inside cells called CYTOSOL and organelles

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4
Q

Mitochondria

A

Break down food molecules to make energy (ATP)

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5
Q

Rough ER

A

Folded membranes attached to nucleus, protein synthesis for membrane bound (integral) proteins & secreted proteins, ribosomes embedded in the surface

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6
Q

Smooth ER

A

Lipid synthesis, folded membranes attached to nucleus, no ribosomes

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7
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

Processes proteins for export out of the cell

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8
Q

Nucleolus

A

Makes ribosomes

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9
Q

Ribosome

A

Non membranous organelles that make proteins by assembling amino acids into polypeptide chains

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10
Q

Lysosome

A

Digests food particles and recycles old organelles

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11
Q

Vesicles

A

Membrane bound compartments going in and out of the cell

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12
Q

Vacuole

A

Stores water and other materials, small

In animals, large in plants

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13
Q

Chloroplast

A

Found in plant cells, where photosynthesis takes place

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14
Q

Cell wall

A

Surrounds plant cells, rigid, gives structure and support

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15
Q

Cell theory

A
  1. All living things or organisms are made of cells and their products
  2. New cells are created by old cells dividing into two
  3. Cells are the basic units of life
16
Q

Robert Hooke

A

First person to discover the cell

17
Q

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

A

First person to see a live cell under a microscope

18
Q

Matthias Jakob Schleiden

A

Found all plants are composed of cells

19
Q

Theodor Schwann

A

“All living things are composed of cells and cell products”

20
Q

Rudolf Virchow

A

“Every cell originates from another existing cell like it” (omnis e cellula e cellula)

21
Q

Homeostasis

A

Body’s ability to regulate its internal environment

22
Q

Cell

A

Smallest unit that carries out all of the tasks of living things

23
Q

Tissue

A

A group of similar cells working cells working together

24
Q

Organ

A

A collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body

25
Q

Organ system

A

Group of organs working together

26
Q

Organism

A

Living thing made of cells

27
Q

Epithelial tissue

A

Covers and protects the tissues beneath

28
Q

Nervous tissue

A

Sends electrical signals through the body

29
Q

Muscle tissue

A

Contract and relax to produce movement

30
Q

Connective tissues

A

Joins and supports and cushions organs

Biology (22 decks)

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