Cell Transport (Rev1) Flashcards
Diffusion
Is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, down a concentration gradient.
When does diffusion stop
When an equilibrium is reached
Why is diffusion important for cells
Delivers oxygen and nutrients into the cell and removes CO2 from the ell as a waste product, so the cell survives
What substances move in and out the cell
O2, CO2, nutrients, water and other waste products
What is concentration
Is a measurement of how much solute is dissolved in a given volume of solvent. If a solution contains a lot if dissolved solute it is concentrated. If it contains little solute, it is dilute.
3 factors that effect diffusion
Concentration gradient
Temperature
Surface area
What is osmosis
The diffusion of water through a partially permeable membrane from a dilute solution (which has a high concentration of water) to a concentrated solution (with a low concentration of water) down a concentration gradient
What is a partially permeable membrane
A membrane that allows only certain substances to pass through
Isotonic
(Osmosis) a solution that us the same concentration as the cell contents
Hypertonic
A solution that is more concentrated than the cell contents
Hypotonic
(Osmosis) a solution that is less concentrated than the cell contents
Plasmolysis
The state of plant cells when so much water is lost from the cell by osmosis that the vacuole and cytoplasm shrink and the cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall
What happens if too much water enters a plant cell
The vacuole absorbs it
What happens if too much water leaves the plant cell
The vacuole and cytoplasm shrink and the cell membrane will pull off the cell wall
What happens if too much water enters an animal cell
It will swell up and burst
