Cell Structure and Function, Body cavities, and body sections

Question 1

What is Central Dogma?

Answer 1

DNA to RNA to Protein

Question 2

What 4 things make up a cell?

Answer 2

Structure, Communication, Waste, and Nutrients

Question 3

What 4 things does a cell membrane do?

Answer 3

Communicates, has Selective Permeability, has an electrochemical gradient, and is a physical barrier

Question 4

Membrane is made out of proteins with ___ heads and ___ tails.

Answer 4

Hydrophilic heads and Hydrophobic tails

Question 5

Kinds of Passive Transport

Answer 5

Passive transport uses no ATP. Simple, facilitated, osmosis, filtrative

Question 6

Kinds of Active Transport

Answer 6

Uses ATP. Primary, Secondary, vesicular, exo, trans, endo

Question 7

A hypertonic solution leads to…

Answer 7

Crenation

Question 8

An isotonic solution leads to…

Answer 8

Nothing, it is stable

Question 9

A hypotonic solution leads to…

Answer 9

Lysis

Question 10

Integral receptors interact with the cell membrane how?

Answer 10

They are structural and go all the way through the membrane.

Question 11

Peripheral receptors interact with the cell membrane how?

Answer 11

They are one-sided.

Question 12

How are G-protein receptors activated?

Answer 12

By kinases, but indirectly.

Question 13

Primary function of the nucleus

Answer 13

Stores DNA

Question 14

What is the nucleolus?

Answer 14

Where most DNA is stored

Question 15

mRNA

Answer 15

messenger RNA

Question 16

tRNA

Answer 16

transfer RNA

Question 17

rRNA

Answer 17

rhibosomal

Question 18

Difference between cytoplasm and cytosol?

Answer 18

Cytoplasm contains organelles, cytosol is just the fluid

Question 19

Types of nonbound organelles

Answer 19

Microfilaments, Intermediate filaments, microtubules

Question 20

ER and its two functions

Answer 20

Endoplasmic Riticulum, rough ER has rhibosomes, smooth ER creates hormones

Question 21

Can free rhibosomes exocytose?

Answer 21

No

Question 22

What do mitochondria do?

Answer 22

They create ATP

Question 23

What does the Golgi complex do?

Answer 23

It’s the last step for readying proteins.

Question 24

What do lysosomes do?

Answer 24

Digest acidic substances

Question 25

What do peroxosomes do?

Answer 25

They exist primarily in the kidney and liver, and they detoxify

Question 26

What do cilia do?

Answer 26

They provide movement

Question 27

What do flagella do?

Answer 27

They are tails for propulsion

Question 28

What are the phases of cell division?

Answer 28

mitosis…G1…Interphase…G2…mitosis

Question 29

What cavities lie within the thoracic cavity?

Answer 29

Pleural (lungs), Pericardial (heart), medastynum (bound by the first rib and the diaphragm)

Question 30

Sections of the abdominal-pelvic cavity and what they contain

Answer 30

Abdominal cavity: liver, stomach, intestines

Pelvic cavity: part of lower intestine and internal reproductive organs

Question 31

Parts of a serous membrane

Answer 31

Visceral (against organ), Serous fluid, Parietal (outside)

Question 32

Pleural membrane

Answer 32

Surrounds lungs

Question 33

Pericardial membrane

Answer 33

Surrounds heart

Question 34

Peritenial membrane

Answer 34

Lines abdominal cavity

Question 35

If someone complains of pain in the right lower quadrant, what is the prime suspect?

Answer 35

The appendix

Question 36

Upper medial region

Answer 36

Epigastric

Question 37

Upper lateral regions

Answer 37

Left and Right Hypochondriac

Question 38

Central medial region

Answer 38

Umbilical

Question 39

Central lateral regions

Answer 39

Left and Right Lumbar

Question 40

Lower medial region

Answer 40

Hypogastric

Question 41

Lower lateral regions

Answer 41

Left and Right Inguinal