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Biology > Cell Structure > Flashcards

Cell Structure Flashcards

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1
Q

maximum resolution of light microscopy

A

200nm

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2
Q

maximum resolution of electron microscopy

A

0.5nm

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3
Q

maximum magnification of electron microscopy

A

2.5 x 10^5 nm

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4
Q

definition of resolution

A

the ability to distinguish two objects very close together

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5
Q

definition of magnification

A

number of times greater an image is to actual object

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6
Q

structure of nucleus

A

surrounded by two nuclear membrane with nuclear pores

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7
Q

function of nucleus

A

controlling activites in the cell

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8
Q

exiting out the nucleus

A

mRNA and ribosomes

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9
Q

entering the nucleus

A

nucleotides, ATP, ribosomes and hormones

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10
Q

RER (size,structure of ribosome, function)

A

(25nm) ribosomes made of rRNA and protein. site of protein synthesis. ribosomes don’t have membrane. cisternae found.

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11
Q

SER

A

makes lipids, steroids and hormones

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12
Q

golgi body (structure/function)

A

flattened sacs that collects, modified and sorts molecules. converts sugars to cell wall components.

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13
Q

size of lysosomes

A

0.1-0.5um with single membrane

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14
Q

size of mitochondria

A

1um

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15
Q

endosymbiont theory

A

mitochondria and chloroplasts originated from bacteria so they have 70S ribosomes and circular DNA

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16
Q

function of mitochondria

A

aerobic respiration, porin on the outer membrane, and selective inner membrane

17
Q

cell surface membrane (size/function)

A

(7nm) controls exchange between cell and environment with partially permeability

18
Q

microvilli a type of ? cell

A

epithelial

19
Q

microtubules (size/function)

A

(25nm) long rigid tubules for support, transport and nuclear division

20
Q

MTOCs

A

assembly of microtubules

21
Q

microtubules formation

A

tubulin –> dimers –> protofilament

22
Q

chloroplasts (size/function)

A

(3-10um) surrounded by two membrane for photosynthesis

23
Q

cell wall (structure/function)

A

fibres of cellulose to prevent bursting

24
Q

vacuole (structure/function)

A

plant vacuole surrounded by tonoplast. animal vacuole small and temporary. filled with salt, gases and enzymes. regulates osmotic properties.

25
Q

only present in animal cells

A

lysosomes, centrioles, centrosomes, microvilli

26
Q

only present in plant cells

A

plasmodesmata, chloroplasts, vacuole, cell wall

27
Q

present in prokaryotes (7)

A

circular DNA, peptidoglycan cell wall, plasmid, 70S ribosomes, pili, capsule, flagellum

28
Q

size of prokaryotes

A

0.5-5um

29
Q

size of plant cells

A

40um

30
Q

size of animal cells

A

20um

31
Q

size of virus

A

20-300nm

32
Q

conversions

A

mm –> um –> nm (x1000)

33
Q

ATP is made of

A

adenine, phosphate group, ribose sugar

Biology (19 decks)

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