Cell Structure Flashcards
What is in an animal cell?
Chromatin, Ribosomes, Plasma membrane, Cytoplasm, Mitochondrion, Nucleus and Nuclear membrane
What is the purpose of the mitochondria?
Mitochondria supply energy to the cell in a process known as respiration
What part of the cell has one loop of DNA?
Each mitochondrion has a loop of DNA, mitochondrial DNA comes only from your mother
What are ribosomes functions?
Their function is to make proteins
What is the cytoplasm?
Jelly-like liquid in the cell that surrounds the nucleus
What is the function of the cytoplasm?
Small bodies called organelles are suspended in the cytoplasm (e.g. ribosomes mitochondria)
What is the cell membrane made up of?
The cell membrane is made up of phospholipids and proteins, which are in constant motion. Membranes are said to be fluid.
What are the functions of the cell membrane?
- It is semi-permeable which allows some molecules freely into and out and others to enter
- Membranes give some support to the cell
- Membranes recognise molecules that touch them
What is the nucleus?
- A large organelle near the centre of the cell is the nucleus
- It contains the genetic information
- It controls the activities of the cell
What is in a nucleus?
- Double membrane with numerous nuclear pores
- These pores control the movement of substances into and out of the nucleus.
- A nucleolus which contains RNA, DNA and proteins and it makes ribosomes
- Chromatin which contains DNA that is arranged into chromosomes
What are the functions of the nucleus?
- Genetic material
- Makes ribosomes
- Controls cell division
- Control centre of cell
What is in a plant cell?
- Chloroplast
- Cell wall
- Plasma membrane
- Cytoplasm
- Vacuole
- Ribosomes
- Nuclear pores
- Chromatin (DNA)
- Nuclear membrane
- Mitochondrion
What is the protoplasm?
All the living parts of a cell
