Causes of Disease, Risk Factors, Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

Question 1

What is eiology?

Answer 1

the cause of the disease

Question 2

What is pathogeniesis?

Answer 2

how the the cause of a disease leads to the anatomical and physiological changesi nthe body that ultimately result in the disease

Question 3

What is it called when the cause of a disease is not known?

Answer 3

idiopathic

Question 4

What are the major categories of cause of diseases?

Answer 4

hereditary, congenital, degenerative, [inflammatory, autoimmune, and allergic], neoplastic, metabolic, traumatic, nutritional

Question 5

What is congenital?

Answer 5

exist at or date from birth

Question 6

What is degenerative?

Answer 6

function or strucutre of the affected tissues or organs progressively deteriorate over time

Question 7

What is degenerative?

Answer 7

function or strucutre of the affected tissues or organs progressively deteriorate over time

Question 8

What do inflammatory, autoimmune and allergic disease result?

Answer 8

abnormal immune functions

Question 9

What is neoplastic?

Answer 9

result from abnormal growth that leads to the formation of tumors

Question 10

What do risk factors affect?

Answer 10

the peson’s chance of develpoing a disease (not equivalent to etiology)

Question 11

What are the categories of risk factors?

Answer 11

environmental, chemical, physioloical, psychological, or genetic

Question 12

What are the risk factors of coronrary artery disease?

Answer 12

high cholesterol and lipids
high bp
diabetes
obesity
physical
inactivity.

Question 13

What are the 4 modifialbe risk factors for most illnesses, diabilities and premature death related to chronic disease?

Answer 13

lack of phyiscal activity, poor nutrition, tobacco use, and excessive alcohol consumption

Question 14

The US spends _____ the average of other developed countries on healthcare.

Answer 14

twice

Question 15

How to fix poor nutrition?

Answer 15

1. make 1/2 plate fruits and veggies
2. switch to skin or 1% milk
3. make at least half your grains whole
4. vary protein choices
5. cut back on foods high in solid fats, added sugar and salt

Question 16

Adults should do strength and
flexibility training at least ___ times per week and engage
in at least ___minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity or __ minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic activity
or a combination of both each week.

Answer 16

two
150
75

Question 17

What is the leading cause of preventable death inthe US?

Answer 17

Smoking

Question 18

What is the alcohol consumption recommended for women and men?

Answer 18

1 and 2 respectively

Question 19

More than __% of U.S. health care dollars go to treatment of chronic diseases instead of to
prevention.

Answer 19

75

Question 20

What is health care based on prevention seek to do?

Answer 20

promote healthy living, detect chronic diseases early and manage chronic diseases and related complications

Question 21

active. More than a ___ of U.S. adults do not meet minimum recom-
mendations for aerobic physical activity as
recommended

Answer 21

third

Question 22

What diseases does regular phyiscal activity decrease the risk for?

Answer 22

depression, type 2 diabetes,
heart disease, high blood pressure, obesity,
stroke, and some kinds of cancer.

Question 23

_____ percent of U.S.
high school students eat five or more serv-
ings of fruits and vegetables per day.

Answer 23

22

Question 24

More than __% of U.S. children and adolescents
consume more than the 2010 Dietary
Guidelines for Americans recommends for
saturated fat.

Answer 24

60

Question 25

What can good nutrition lower the risk of?

Answer 25

heart disease, stroke, some cancers,
diabetes, and osteoporosis.

Question 26

About a ___ of U.S. adults are obese and
approximately ___% of children and ado-
lescents age 2–19 years are obese.

Answer 26

third
17

Question 27

Losing 5–10% of your body weight can ________

Answer 27

lower blood
pressure, reduce LDL cholesterol, improve
glucose tolerance, and lower your risk for
heart disease.

Question 28

Tobacco use is responsibe for almost _____ adult deaths worldwide

Answer 28

1 in 10

Question 29

What can tobacco use cause?

Question 29

What can tobacco use cause?

Answer 29

some can-
cers, heart disease, heart attack, stroke,

and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Question 30

One year after
quitting smoking, excess risk for heart disease is
reduced by _____, and 10 years after quit-
ting the lung cancer death rate is about
___ that of a current smoker. Fifteen years
after quitting, an ex-smoker’s risk for heart
disease is about _____ as that of a
lifelong nonsmoker.

Answer 30

half
half
the same

Question 31

what an excessuve alcohol use cause?

Answer 31

cirrhosis, pancreatitis, high blood
pressure, and some cancers

Question 32

What does treatment aim to do?

Answer 32

cure a disease or reduce the severity of its signs and symptoms

Question 33

Why are some treatments describes as symptomatic?

Answer 33

Because they aim to relieve and manage the symptoms of the disease without addressing the cause

Question 34

What is the goal of palliative treatment + how may use pallative treatment?

Answer 34

The goal of palliative
treatment is to provide comfort and relieve pain + ppl w/ terminal cancer may receive it

Question 35

What do antibiotics do?

Answer 35

kill bacteria

Question 36

What do analgesics do?

Answer 36

control the pain

Question 37

Examples of treatments?

Answer 37

pharmacologic, surgical, psychiatric and psychological