Causes of Disease, Risk Factors, Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Flashcards
What is eiology?
the cause of the disease
What is pathogeniesis?
how the the cause of a disease leads to the anatomical and physiological changesi nthe body that ultimately result in the disease
What is it called when the cause of a disease is not known?
idiopathic
What are the major categories of cause of diseases?
hereditary, congenital, degenerative, [inflammatory, autoimmune, and allergic], neoplastic, metabolic, traumatic, nutritional
What is congenital?
exist at or date from birth
What is degenerative?
function or strucutre of the affected tissues or organs progressively deteriorate over time
What is degenerative?
function or strucutre of the affected tissues or organs progressively deteriorate over time
What do inflammatory, autoimmune and allergic disease result?
abnormal immune functions
What is neoplastic?
result from abnormal growth that leads to the formation of tumors
What do risk factors affect?
the peson’s chance of develpoing a disease (not equivalent to etiology)
What are the categories of risk factors?
environmental, chemical, physioloical, psychological, or genetic
What are the risk factors of coronrary artery disease?
high cholesterol and lipids
high bp
diabetes
obesity
physical
inactivity.
What are the 4 modifialbe risk factors for most illnesses, diabilities and premature death related to chronic disease?
lack of phyiscal activity, poor nutrition, tobacco use, and excessive alcohol consumption
The US spends _____ the average of other developed countries on healthcare.
twice
How to fix poor nutrition?
- make 1/2 plate fruits and veggies
- switch to skin or 1% milk
- make at least half your grains whole
- vary protein choices
- cut back on foods high in solid fats, added sugar and salt
Adults should do strength and
flexibility training at least ___ times per week and engage
in at least ___minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity or __ minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic activity
or a combination of both each week.
two
150
75
What is the leading cause of preventable death inthe US?
Smoking
What is the alcohol consumption recommended for women and men?
1 and 2 respectively
More than __% of U.S. health care dollars go to treatment of chronic diseases instead of to
prevention.
75
What is health care based on prevention seek to do?
promote healthy living, detect chronic diseases early and manage chronic diseases and related complications
active. More than a ___ of U.S. adults do not meet minimum recom-
mendations for aerobic physical activity as
recommended
third
What diseases does regular phyiscal activity decrease the risk for?
depression, type 2 diabetes,
heart disease, high blood pressure, obesity,
stroke, and some kinds of cancer.
_____ percent of U.S.
high school students eat five or more serv-
ings of fruits and vegetables per day.
22
More than __% of U.S. children and adolescents
consume more than the 2010 Dietary
Guidelines for Americans recommends for
saturated fat.
60
