Cancers of the Immune System

Question 1

What is Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Answer 1

cancer of immune system frequently diagnoset in teens adults btwen 15-40 and after 55

involved cells proliferate and itnerfere with normal functioning by collectig in masses in varopus parts of body (first in lymph nodes then to other lymphn nodes, spleen, liver and bone marrow)

Question 2

The American Cancer Society estimates ___ cases of Hodgkin’s lymphoma in 2013.

Answer 2

9,290

Question 3

What does Hodgkin’s lymphoma have present?

Answer 3

type of cell called the Reed-Sternberg cell

Question 4

What are the risk factors for Hodgkin’s lymphoma?

Answer 4

certain viral infections (Epstein-Barr and HIV)
a weakened immune system
a family history of Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
higher in males

Question 5

s/s of hodgkin’s lymphoma

Answer 5

painless swelling of lymph nodes (neck, armpit, or groin),
fatigue,
unexplained fever
soaking night sweats
itchy skin
coughing
trouble breathing
chestpain
unexplained weight loss.

Question 6

How do they diagnose hodgkin’s lymphoma?

Answer 6

phyiscal exame, complete blood count, biopsy, imaging tests and bone marrow biopsy (Reed-Sternberg cells), immunophenotying of tissuefor certain markers, CT, liver and kidney function

Question 7

how is hodgkin’s lymphoma treated?

Answer 7

chemotherapy, radiation theray, bone marrow or stem cell transplant

chemoradio for stage I( and II
chemo for stage IIIB and IV
ABVD therapy
HSCT

Question 8

The 5-year survival for all stages of
the disease combined is estimated at _____%.

Answer 8

65–90

Question 9

What is Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma?

Answer 9

cancer of the lymphocytes

Question 10

The American Cancer Society estimates that ____ new cases of Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma will occur worldwide and ______ cases will occur in the United States in 2013.

Answer 10

355,900 ww

69,740 in US

Question 11

Who is non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma frequently diagnosed in?

Answer 11

adults 60 and older

Question 12

Risk factors of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Answer 12

weakened immune system
certain infections (himan T cell lymphotropic virus, Epstein-Barr virus, Helicobacter pylori, hepatitis C, HIV)

Question 13

s/s of Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Answer 13

painless swelling of lymph nodes (neck, armpit, or groin)
fatigue
tonsils and adenoids r enlarged
pain
unexplained fever
soaking night sweats
itchy skin
coughing
trouble breathing
chest pain
swelling or a feeling of fullness in the abdomen
unexplained weight loss

Question 14

How to diagnose non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma?

Answer 14

physical exam, complete blood count, lactate dehydrogenase test (tests for tissue damage), and biopsy.

Imaging tests, bone marrow biopsy, and a lumbar puncture are used to stage the disease.

immunologic, cytogenetic, molecular studies

Question 15

Treatment for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Answer 15

radiation therapy
chemotherapy
anti-inflammatory medication
stem cell transplant (HSCT)
monoclonal antibody therapy to tag cancer cells for destruction

Question 16

categories of NHL?

Answer 16

indolent lymphoma: 35-40%
follicular lumphoma (most cfommon, grades I and II behave indolent, grade II behave aggressive)

small lymphocyttic lymphoma

mantle cell lymphoma

Aggressive lymphoma represents 50% of NHLs:

marginal zone lyphoma

diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and peripheral T-cell lymphoma (include Burkitt lymphoma and adult T-cell lymphoma)