case 7 Flashcards
why is bone marrow important in the immune system?
it ultimately gives rise to all our immune cells. (and circulating cells).
why is the thymus important in the immune system?
for the maturation of t lymphocytes.
what is a leukocyte?
white blood cell that can exist in the circulation.
how would you tell the difference between a macrophage and a monocyte on a blood film?
if there’s RBCs around it it’s a monocyte.
what is exudate?
fluid that moves from the blood vessels to the interstitial space. contains high protein levels and leukocytes.
what is transudate?
extravascular fluid with low protein content-when fluid leaves the blood vessels but proteins and shit don’t.
what is pus?
an exudate formed at the site of inflammation during bacterial or fungal infection. v similar to exudate but the leukocytes are dead.
what are 2 complications that can be driven by chronic inflammation?
granulomas
fibrosis
what is essential in determining whether or not a tissue can undergo full regeneration?
the integrity of the basement membrane. (because that’s where the stem cell niche is).
what type of bacteria is streptococcus pneumoniae?
gram +ve coccus
what are the 2 most common types of hospital acquired infections?
1-UTIs
2-hospital acquired pneumonia
what pathogen does amoxicillin target?
strep pneumoniae
what’s in co-amxiclav?
clavulanic acid and amoxicillin.
what kind of outbreaks does influenza cause?
epidemics and periodic pandemics.
what are eicosanoids and 2 examples of them?
inflammatory mediators derived from arachidonic acid.
leukotrienes, cytokines.
