case 10 Flashcards
what is magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography ?
imaging technique-uses mri to make a detailed pic of the biliary and pancreatic ducts non invasively. can be used to see gallstones.
what percent of the pancreatic tissue is exocrine?
98%
what is an ampulla?
some sort of bulge
named after those roman pots
what is does papilla mean?
something that’s nipple-like.
what are 2 important things the liver does?
stores glycogen
produces and secretes bile
where does the liver sit in the abdomen?
RUQ
can you palpate the liver?
yes, on inspiration-it moves with the diaphragm during respiration.
describe the location of the gallbladder.
the gallbladder sits in a fossa on the visceral surface of the liver.
what is chronic cholecystitis?
longstanding inflammation of the gallbladder almost always caused by gallstones.
what are the classifications of acute cholecystitis?
1) biliary colic-no inflammatory changes
2) calculous cholecystitis-progression of this into gallbladder inflammation
3) acalculous cholecystitis- inflmmation of gallbladder w no gallstones.
what is the most common composition of a gallstone?
cholesterol
what is a calcium soap and their clinical relevance?
often numerous chalky, white-to-pale yellow, rounded precipitates caused by lipase-induced fat necrosis.
relevance: pancreatitis causes hypocalcaemia, this formation of these is the main proposed reason.
what is a pseudocyst?
cystic lesion that may look like a cyst on scans, but lacks epithelial or endothelial cells.
what is a pancreatic pseudocyst and why does it usually form?
circumscribed collection of leaked fluid (rich w enzymes, blood, and necrotic tissue).
complication of pancreatitis but in children also occur w abdominal trauma
how does alcohol cause macrocytosis?
alcohol is directly toxic to the bone marrow and in excess can cause macrocytosis directly. it’s also associated w vitamin deficiency-poor diet, b12, and folate deficiency which cause macrocytosis.
