Cartilage

Question 1

what type of tissue is cartilage ? what do its properties and function depend on ?

Answer 1

connective tissue. cells live in their own matrix. the properties and function of tissue depend on molec on the extracell matrix

Question 2

cartilage is the only _____ connective tissue

Answer 2

avascular. need tissue w/ blood supply next to it and nutrients must diffuse through matrix

Question 3

what are mature cells of cartilage called

Answer 3

chondocytes -often contain a lipid droplet

Question 4

what are cartilages matrix components

what kind of matrix is it

Answer 4

collagen and proteoglycan (PGs)

avascular and non mineralized (bone is mineralizsed)

Question 5

cartilage provides semi-rigid support in the….

Answer 5

trachea, ear, respiratory tree, joints

Question 6

chondrocytes contain….

Answer 6

lipids, glycogen, well devleoped RER (for continuous secretion), golgi.

they are highly synthetic

Question 7

chondrocytes are surrounded by…..
they have limited…
and have significant….

Answer 7

perichondrium. (undifferentiated cells, not in articular cartliage or fibrocartiblage, nearest blood vessels)
- limited mitosis. wounded=not easy to repari
- significant nutrient requirements (synthesize lots of matrix, prtoeglycans bc highly active)

Question 8

link proteins bind what to waht

Answer 8

PGs to hyalouronic acid

Question 9

collagen binds to waht

Answer 9

side chains of PGs -acts as spacers in between collagen type 2

Question 10

what are the 3 types of cartialge

Answer 10

elastic, hyaline, fibrocartilage

Question 11

what are chondroblasts

Answer 11

immature cells on their way to become mature chondrocytes

Question 12

what are fibroblasts

Answer 12

most immature cells

Question 13

the perichondrium contain what

Answer 13

chondroblasts and fibroblasts

-chondroblasts are more mature than fibroblasts

Question 14

in the extracellular matrix: hyaline is mainly what type of collagen

Answer 14

type 2-stains pink

Question 15

what are some locations of hyaline cartilage

Answer 15

fetus skeleton template, articular surfaces of joints (adult), tracheal rings, bronchi, larynx, nose, costal (rib) cartilage

Question 16

what is an isogenous group of chondrocytes

Answer 16

cells that are undergoing active mitosis

-synthesis matrix to push away from each other and make tissue bigger

Question 17

the territorial matrix is the…

the interterritorial matrix is the…

Answer 17

immature matrix

more mature

Question 18

the outermost layers of perichondrium have…

Answer 18

vasculature

Question 19

2 types of cartilage growth. what are they

Answer 19

appositional-main type

interstitial-during early growth

Question 20

chodrogenic cells in periochondrium to chondroblassts, lay down matrix at surface. waht kind of growth?

Answer 20

appositional

there is

Question 21

pre-existing chondrocytes divide, add matri w/in cartilage center. what kind of groth

Answer 21

interstitial (center)

Question 22

hyaline cartilage:

• ________ surrounded by a perichondirum except in articualr cartilage
• has an outer _____ layer, an inner _____ layer and blood vessels
• type ___ collagen
• temporary skeleton of the…
• proteoglycans

Answer 22

• avascular
• fibrous
• chondrogenic
• type 2
• embryo, articular cartilage (no perichondrium here) and much of the respiratory tract (nose, larynx, trachea, and bronchi) and costal cartilage too T__T

Question 23

lacuna are…

Answer 23

cells no longer in their spaces

Question 24

elastic cartilage:

• matrix is like _____ but here it has elastic fibers and sheets along w/ collagen
• elastic, resilience, and ______
• matrix is not ______
• located in the …..

Answer 24

• hyaline
• pliability
• calcified
• external ear, auditory canal, tube, epiglottis, larynx

Question 25

fibrocartilage:
- looks like dense _____
- _____ between hyaline and dense CT
- _____ matrix
- aggregates of small ______ w/ lots of _____bundles
- in adults, lacks a ______
- low concentrations of ____ and ____

Answer 25

• regular CT
• intermediate
• less rigid
• chondrocytes w/ lots of collage type 1 bundles
• perichondrium
• PGs and water

Question 26

where is firbrocartilgae found

Answer 26

intervertebral discs, symphysis pubis, articular discs, menisci and tendon attachemnts

Question 27

T or F fibrous cartilagehas fewer and smaller chondrocytes

Answer 27

T

Question 28

arthritis is the…

Answer 28

calcification of articular cartilage

Question 29

which cartilage is most prone to calcification

Answer 29

hyaline
-replaced by bone usually during aging
CaPO4 crystals in matrix

Question 30

chondrocytes are generally in the region of….

Answer 30

los oxygen

Question 31

T or F

there is limited ability of repair by the perichondirum

Answer 31

T
in adults add matrix not cells.
infiltration of vessels cuases bone production (calcification and immobility)

Question 32

in disk degeneration and herniation there is a weakening of what cartilage

Answer 32

fibrocartilage

Question 33

where is disk degeneration most common

Answer 33

L4-L5 and L5-S1