Cardiovasucular System + Health and disease Flashcards
What is the main role of someone’s arteries?
To carry blood away from your heart to the organs of your body in the form of red oxygenated blood
What is the main role of someone’s veins?
Veins carry blood away from the organs towards the heart. It is in a low form of oxygen and usually a dark red colour. Veins do not have a pulse.
What is the main roles of the capillaries?
Capillaries form a huge network of tiny vessels linking the arteries and veins together. There thin walls allow oxygen and glucose to diffuse easily out of your blood and into your cells
Describe a plasma
The colourless fluid part of blood, lymph, or milk, in which corpuscles or fat globules are suspended
Why do humans have a double circulatory system?
To deliver a greater blood flow rate to tissues around the body because the heart pumps the oxygenated blood returned to it from the lungs
What is the role of the blood plasma?
A yellow liquid that transports blood cells and other substances around the body to carry waste turned to carbon dioxide into the lungs
What do red blood cells do?
Pick up oxygen from the air in your lungs to carry to the necessary cells. They have biconcave discs giving them an increased surface area to volume ratio for diffusion and have red pigment called haemoglobin that binds to oxygen. To have haemoglobin they have no nucleas.
What is the role of the white blood cells?
Much bigger than red blood cells and are fewerr of them. They have a nucleas and form part of the body’s defence system against micro organisms. Some form antitoxins agsinst posions made by microorganisms. Yet others engulf invading bacteria and viruses.
What do platelets do?
Small fragments with no nucleas, significant for bloodclotting. Blood clotting is a series of enzyme controlled reactions that result in converting fibrinogen into fibirin, this produces a network of protein fibres that capture lots of red blood cells and more platelets to form a jelly like clot that stops one from bleeding to feath and forms a scab. This stops bacteria entering through the wound and protects new skin.
Why is the left ventricle thicker than the right ventricle wall?
The left ventricle has to pump blood around all of the body, but the right ventricle only has to pump blood to the lungs
Create a sequence of how the blood circulates the body?
Right atrium - triscupid valve - right ventricle - pulmonary veins - left atrium - biscupid valve - left ventricle - aorta - lungs
Why are humans said to have a double circulatory system?
To deliver a greater blood flow rate to tissues around the body because the heart pumps the oxygenated blood returned to it from the lungs. This means when blood passes through the lungs its pressure is reduced.
What happens to coronary arteries and why does it happen?
Lipids and fats build up in coronary arteries, potentially causing heart disease by narrowing arteries
What effect does it have on blood flow?
Leas blood will flow from a persons heart
What happens as a result?
Heart disease and discomfort on the heart may occur
What is a stent and what does it do?
A stent is a metal mesh placed in the artery. A tiny baloon is inflated to open up the blood vessel and the stent at the same time. The ballon is deflated and removed but the stent stays in place. Holding the blood vessel in place. Used in order to open up blocked arteries and keep the blood flowing.
What are the other options for someone with badly blocked arteries?
Replacing the cornary arteries with bits of veins from other parts of the body or stains to prevent it
What do stations do? Who would use them?
Anyone at risk from disease, lower cholestral lowering fatty acids transported to the cornary artery
In plant transport what transportation stream do?
In xylem vessels, is where water is transported. The role of the xylem tubes ensure this transport happens and also provide support. It will transport dissolved minerals and water up the plant to keep the plant healthy
What is the process of Translocation?
The are the vessels where sugary sap is, are called phloem vessels. The leaf will make all the necessary substances - food etc… to all of the other parts of the plant.
What happens in translocation?
glucose is transported in phloem cells
What is the definition of health
a state of physical or mental wellbeing of a person
What is the definition of a disease
a disorder of structure or function in a human, especially one that produces specific symptoms or that affects a specific location and is not simply a direct result of physical injury
What are pathogens?
a bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease
