cardiovascular system 5 Flashcards
what is shock
failure of CV system to deliever enough O2 and nutrients to meet cellular metabolic needs
what causes shock
decreased blood volume
poor heart function
blood vessels dilate
blocked blood flow
how many types of shock are there
4
name the 4 types of shock
hypovolumic, cardiogenic, vascular and obstructive
what causes hypovolumic shock
decreased blood flow
-inadequate fluid intake
-diabetes mellitus
-sudden hemorrhage
-excessive vomiting or diarrhoea
what causes cardiogenic shock
poor heart function
-heart attack
-heart valve problem
what causes vascular shock
inappropriate vasodilation
-anaphylactic shock
-head trauma
-septic shock
what causes obstructive shock
obstruction of blood flow
how does the body respond to shock
1 activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
2 secretion of ADH
3 activation of sympathetic ANS
4 release of local vasodilators
how much blood volume needs to be lost for it to become life threatening
> 10-20%
what are signs of shock
rapid resting heart rate
altered mental state
sweating
thirst
nausea
what pressure does blood travel from and to
high to low
what is BP
hydrostatic pressure exerted by blood on walls of vessel
what is resistance
opposition to blood flow
what changes the resistance
blood vessel radius
blood viscosity
total blood vessel length
