Cardiovascular Flashcards
What is the cardiac cycle?
The sequence of events in one heartbeat:
Diastole: Heart relaxes, filling with blood.
Systole: Heart contracts, pumping blood
What are the main parts of the heart?
Right Atrium: Receives deoxygenated blood.
Left Atrium: Receives oxygenated blood.
Right Ventricle: Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
Left Ventricle: Pumps oxygenated blood to the body
What are the main arteries and veins?
Aorta: Carries oxygenated blood to the body.
Pulmonary Artery: Carries
deoxygenated blood to the lungs
Superior/Inferior Vena Cava: Brings deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart.
Pulmonary Veins: Bring oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
What are the heart valves?
Tricuspid: Between right atrium and right ventricle.
Pulmonary: Between right ventricle and pulmonary artery.
Mitral (Bicuspid)e: Between left atrium and left ventricle.
Aortic: Between left ventricle and aorta
What is hydrostatic pressure?
The pressure exerted by a fluid (e.g., blood) on the walls of its container (e.g., blood vessels).
What is osmotic pressure?
The pressure exerted by solutes (e.g., proteins) to draw water into a solution.
What is oncotic pressure?
A type of osmotic pressure created by proteins, especially albumin, in the blood.
What is the electrical pathway of the heart?
Sinoatrial (SA) Node: The pacemaker, starts the heartbeat.
Atrioventricular (AV) Node: Delays signal to allow atria to contract.
Bundle of His: Carries signal to ventricles
What do heart valves do?
Heart valves ensure one-way flow of blood through the heart and prevent backflow.
