Cardiology Heart dz

Question 1

Stroke Volume

Answer 1

The volume of blood ejected from the heart during each beat

Question 2

Cardiac Output

Answer 2

HR x SV = CO

The volume of blood ejected from the heart per minute

Question 3

Pre-load

Answer 3

Amount of pressure stretching the RV after passive filling and contraction

Question 4

After-load

Answer 4

Amount of pressure the chamber has to generate to eject blood from the heart

Question 5

Heart dz

Answer 5

Abnormality in the heart that can lead to heart failure ->reverse of caught in time

Question 6

Signs of heart dz

Answer 6

Tachycardia
Tachepnia
Exercise intolerance
Enlarge heart = cardiac cough -> dry & unproductive

Question 7

Heart failure

Answer 7

Unable to maintain cardiac output

Question 8

Signs of heart failure

Answer 8

Extreme fatigue
Sianosis
Cachexia
Orthopnea

Question 9

Left side heart failure

Answer 9

Pulmonary edema

Question 10

Right side heart failure

Answer 10

Ascites

Question 11

3 ways the heart will compensate

Answer 11

1. Increase the heart rate -> 2-3x normal
2. Chambers become hypotrophied ->thick muscle volume decrease
3. Chambers will dialate -> flasid

Question 12

Diagnostic tests for heart dz

Answer 12

Auscultation 
Echo
Blood pressure
Atrial blood gas analysis
Pulse oximetry 
Radiographs
ECG

Question 13

Patent Ductus Arteriosis

Answer 13

Congenital heart dz

Main source of murmur

Question 14

Atrial Septal Defect

Answer 14

Defect or hole in the enteratrial septum

Soft systolic murmur

Question 15

Ventricle Septal Defect

Answer 15

Enterventricular septum

Causes diastolic murmur

Question 16

Aortic & Pulmonary Stenosis

Answer 16

Congenital heart dz

Question 17

AV insufficiency

Answer 17

Acquired heart dz

As the pt. ages, the AV valve shrink a little

Question 18

Heartworm

Answer 18

Acquired heart dz

Primarily in right ventricle and pulmonary artery

Question 19

Vegetative Endocarditis

Answer 19

Acquired heart dz
Bacterial infection that leads to systemic bacterimea, settles on AV valve then scars, piece breaks off and leads to septic embolism
Major cause = poor dental health

Question 20

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 20

Acquired heart dz
Causes: taurine def. in maine coons
Results in a thick myocardium chamber capacity

Question 21

Dialated cardiomyopathy

Answer 21

Acquired heart dz
Thin myocardium with large dialated chambers
2nd complications to atrial fibrillation
Common breeds: Boxers, Danes, Dobermans, Cockers, Goldens, St. Bernards, Irish Wolfhounds

Question 22

Pericarditis

Answer 22

Inflammation of pericardium 2nd to:
General infection
Metastatic dz
Kidney dz/failure
Trauma 
or can be idiopathic
Auscultation: muffled heart sounds, weak &
 thready pulse; very painful, dyspnic