Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

RACP Written 2018 > Cardiology - Antiarrhythmics > Flashcards

Cardiology - Antiarrhythmics Flashcards

1
Q

What do the Class IA Antiarrhythmics do?

A

Sodium channel blockade with some K+ channel block

–> decreases speed of depolarisation
And PROLONGS repolarisation

(MOD potency, INTERMEDIATE kinetics)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Three examples of Class IA Antiarrhythmics?

A

Quinidine
Procainamide
Disopyramide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What do the Class IB Antiarrhythmics do?

A

Sodium channel blockade

–> decreases speed of depolarisation
And NO CHANGE to repolarisation

(LOW potency, RAPID kinetics)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Three examples of Class IB Antiarrhythmics?

A

Lidocaine
Mexilitene
Phenytoin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do Class IC Antiarrhythmics do?

A

Sodium channel blockade

–> decrease speed of depolarisation
And SHORTENS repolarisation

Also PROLONG REFRACTORY PERIOD

(HIGH potency, SLOW kinetics)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Two examples of Class IC antiarrythmics?

A

Flecainide

Propaferone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Flecainide is a Class IC Antiarrhythmic, what does it do in addition?

A

Decreases action potential WITHOUT affecting duration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Propafenone is a Class IC Antiarrhythmic, what does it do in addition?

A

Reduces spontaneous automaticity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which Antiarrhythmic Class must be avoided in structural heart disease or coronary artery disease?

A 
Class IC
(Flecainide or Propafenone)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What do Class II Antiarrhythmics do?

A

Beta adrenergic blockade

Decreases SYMPATHETIC TONE

SUPPRESS: automaticity, SA conduction and AV conduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name 5 Class II Antiarrhythmics

A 
Metoprolol 
Propranolol 
Carvedilol
Atenolol 
Bisoprolol
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What do the Class III Antiarrhythmics do?

A

Block potassium channels
Prolong action potential
Delay repolarisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Amiodarone is a Class III Antiarrhythmic, what does it do in addition to Class III action?

A

Class III drugs block potassium channels, prolong action potentials, and delay repolarisation

Amiodarone also blocks Na channels and Ca channels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Side effects of amiodarone?

A

Thyroid: at any dose! Hypo (6%) and hyper (2%)

Resp: fibrosis in up to 20%

Hepatic: LFT derangement (25%) and cirrhosis (2%)

Eyes: photosensitivity (50%) and corneal deposits (90%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Dronedarone is a Class III Antiarrhythmic. In addition to class action what does it do?

A

Class III drugs block potassium channels, prolong action potentials, and delay repolarisation

Dronedarone also is a NEGATIVE INOTROPE by:

  • blocking Na channels
  • blocking beta1 receptors
  • altering adenylyl cyclase generation

Extra benefit:

  • reduce hospitalisation in pAF
  • reduce stroke (esp if CHADS2>=2)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Sotolol is a Class III Antiarrhythmic. In addition to the Class action what does it do?

A

Class III drugs block potassium channels, prolong action potentials, and delay repolarisation

It PROLONGS QTc

** sotolol is a mix of d and i isomers.
d-isomer: prolongs repolarisation (Class III effect)
i-isomer: acts as nonselective beta blocker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Ibutilide is a Class III Antiarrhythmic. In addition to class action what does it do?

A

Class III drugs block potassium channels, prolong action potentials, and delay repolarisation

Also changes atrial cycle length variability

18
Q

Dofetilide is a Class III Antiarrhythmic. In addition to class action what does it do?

A

Class III drugs block potassium channels, prolong action potentials, and delay repolarisation

Also terminates INDUCED re-entrant tachycardias

NO IMPACT on Na channels or alpha/beta receptors
NO IMPACT on cardiac output, stroke volume or vascular resistance

19
Q

Name the five Class III Antiarrhythmics?

A 
Amiodarone
Dronedarone
Sotolol
Ibulitide
Dofetilide
20
Q

What do the Class IV Antiarrhythmics do?

A

Calcium channel blockade (nonhydropyridine)

Suppression of SA and AV conduction

21
Q

Name the two Class IV Antiarrhythmics?

A

Verapamil

Diltiazem

22
Q

How does Adenosine work?

A

TRANSIENTLY blocks the ANTEGRADE AV node conduction

23
Q

How do Cardiac Glycosides work?

A

Cardiac Glycoside = Digoxin

1) Increases vagal activity, slowing SA and AV nodal conduction
(NOT EFFECTIVE if there is increased sympathetic tone!)

2) Direct and indirect INOTROPE
3) Increases MYOCYTE CONTRACTILITY
4) Indirectly enhances CAROTID SINUS activity and enhances sympathimimetic withdrawal to increased mean arterial pressure

24
Q

What class of Antiarrhythmic is:

Quinidine

A

Class IA

25
Q

What class of Antiarrhythmic is:

Lidocaine

A

Class IB

26
Q

What class of Antiarrhythmic is:

Procainamide

A

Class IA

27
Q

What class of Antiarrhythmic is:

Propafenone

A

Class IC

28
Q

What class of Antiarrhythmic is:

Metoprolol

A

Class II

29
Q

What class of Antiarrhythmic is:

Disopyramide

A

Class IA

30
Q

What class of Antiarrhythmic is:

Sotolol

A

Class III

31
Q

What class of Antiarrhythmic is:

Amiodarone

A

Class III

32
Q

What class of Antiarrhythmic is:

Phenytoin

A

Class IB

33
Q

What class of Antiarrhythmic is:

Mexilitene

A

Class IB

34
Q

What class of Antiarrhythmic is:

Flecainide

A

Class IC

35
Q

What class of Antiarrhythmic is:

Bisoprolol

A

Class II

36
Q

What class of Antiarrhythmic is:

Dofetilide

A

Class III

37
Q

What class of Antiarrhythmic is:

Verapamil

A

Class IV

38
Q

What class of Antiarrhythmic is:

Digoxin

A

Not technically a Class, but it is a Cardiac Glycoside

39
Q

What class of Antiarrhythmic is:

Dronedarone

A

Class III

40
Q

What class of Antiarrhythmic is:

Ibutilide

A

Class III

41
Q

How does Atropine work?
When is it used?
What are its effects?

A

= antagonist to muscarinic acetylcholine receptors

Used in organophosphate poisoning

Effect: tachycardia and mydriasis

RACP Written 2018 (167 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions