Cardiology 7.11

Question 1

HOw wide QRS is tells you

Answer 1

QRS looking at how wide it is - reflection of how long it took signal to propegate through ventricles

Question 2

if wave front moves other direction what does that do to polarity of QRS

Answer 2

flip it over

Question 3

if wave front moves other direction what does that do to wave of QRS

Answer 3

widens the QRS

Question 4

in intensive care or emergency room what is top of list for what you look for

Answer 4

ST segment and T wave

Question 5

normal sinus rhythm

Answer 5

look at HR: 60 BPM (pg 147)

every p wave followed by QRS

Question 6

first degree AV block

Answer 6

something is blocking AV node and making signal go slower

Question 7

draw out example of first degree AV block

Answer 7

pg 147

Question 8

third degree AV block

Answer 8

can be medical emergency - signal doesn’t get through AV node at all
BP goes way down and CO goes way down

Question 9

draw out example of first degree AV block

Answer 9

pg 148

Question 10

CO =

Answer 10

stroke volume x heart rate

Question 11

what is most dangerous arrhythmia

Answer 11

ventricular fibrillation

Question 12

draw example of ventricular fibrillation

Answer 12

pg 149

Question 13

ST elevation

Answer 13

myocardial ischemia: dying cells but might be able to recover them (pg 150)

Question 14

the electrodes closest to ischemic area do what

Answer 14

give you the most information on what is happening

Question 15

arrhythmia symptoms

Answer 15

palpitations
lightheadedness and presyncope
chest pain
shortness of breath
sudden cardiac arrest: syncope (fainting) & death

Question 16

what is palpitations

Answer 16

awareness of one’s own heart beat

Question 17

what is presyncope

Answer 17

what happens before you pas out when you feel light headed and maybe nauseated

Question 18

most people who die from heart attack die from

Answer 18

ventricular fibrillation

Question 19

what is bradyarrythmia

Answer 19

decreased firing rate

Question 20

what is tachyarrhytmia

Answer 20

increased firing rate

Question 21

how do you get bradyarrhytmia or tachyarrhytmia

Answer 21

altered action potential and altered action potential conduction

Question 22

tachyarrhythmia HR:

Answer 22

over 100 BPM

Question 23

bradyarrhytmia HR:

Answer 23

less than 60 BPM

Question 24

different categoreis for tachyarrhytmia

Answer 24

supraventricular

ventricular

Question 25

examples of supraventricular arrhytmia

Answer 25

SA node atria AV node

Question 26

examples of ventricular tachyarrhymia

Answer 26

His-Purkinje system, ventricles

Question 27

general cause of tachyarrhytmia

Answer 27

one or more ectopic foci firing rapidly | re-entrant circuits

Question 28

ectopic

Answer 28

diferent plave than normal pacemaker and random

Question 29

re-entrant circuits

Answer 29

the AP is chasing itself like a dog chasing tail - and can happen anywhere in heart

Question 30

general cause of bradyarrhytmia

Answer 30

impaired automaticity of SA node | escape rhythms involving AV node or ventricles

Question 31

SVT stands for

Answer 31

supraventricular tachycardia

Question 32

specific examples of supraventricular tachycardia

Answer 32

sinus tachycardia atrial fibrillation atrial flutter atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia

Question 33

specific examples of ventricular tachyarrhytmias

Answer 33

ventricular tachycardia | ventricular fibrillation

Question 34

draw out example of second degree AV block

Answer 34

148

Question 35

draw out eample of third degree Av block

Answer 35

148