Cardiology 7.10

Question 1

draw out bipolar leads I, II, III

Answer 1

pg 122

Question 2

dipole is most parallel to what lead

Answer 2

II

Question 3

dipole is always pointing towards

Answer 3

resting tissue

Question 4

mean dipole is referring to

Answer 4

average height of QRS complex

Question 5

if mean dipole is oriented towards positive side

Answer 5

max positive signal

Question 6

if mean dipole is oriented toward negative side get

Answer 6

max negative signal

Question 7

orientation of dipole in regards to electrodes tell you fif signal is going

Answer 7

up or down

Question 8

when dipole is perpendicular to electrodes

Answer 8

isoelectric

Question 9

for every lead there is a 180 degree sweep

Answer 9

where it can be positive or negative

Question 10

draw out where chest leads are placed

Answer 10

pg 123

Question 11

precordial leads mean

Answer 11

chest leads

Question 12

if dipole is approaching positive electrode what kind of signal

Answer 12

positive

Question 13

what are the augmented unipolar limb leads

Answer 13

aVR
aVL
aVF

Question 14

drraw out aVR

Answer 14

pg 124

Question 15

draw out aVL

Answer 15

pg 124

Question 16

draw out aVF

Answer 16

pg 124

Question 17

large box is what timing

Answer 17

200 msec/large box

Question 18

what is the timing of small box

Answer 18

40 msec/small box

Question 19

how do you determine HR

Answer 19

either divide by 300

or memorize 300, 150, 100, 75, 60, 50, 43

Question 20

1 box RR interval is what HR

Answer 20

300

Question 21

list out the HR for R-R interval 107

Answer 21

pg 126

Question 22

what is P interval

Answer 22

beginning of P to beginning of Q

Question 23

QRS is determine what

Answer 23

signal propegates through ventricles

Question 24

if there is bundle branch block what happens to ventricles

Answer 24

decreases

Question 25

QT duration is good index of

Answer 25

overall AP duration

Question 26

loss of potassium channel what happens to AP

Answer 26

long AP duration

Question 27

QT interval is sensitive to

Answer 27

HR

Question 28

PR interval major part is due to propagation through

Answer 28

AV node

Question 29

what is displayed at bottom of ECG

Answer 29

rhythm strip

Question 30

what does rhythm strip show

Answer 30

regularity of beating

Question 31

first degree heart block

Answer 31

abnormally long conduction velocity through AV node

Question 32

if you were to draw what average dipole is as it moves through atria

Answer 32

the red line pointing on pg 133 circled in pink

Question 33

review normal activation sequence and how dipole affects ECG

Answer 33

pg 133

Question 34

because epicardial cells have shorter AP duration they will

Answer 34

replarize first

Question 35

during ischemia it’s not uncommon for endocardial surface to become ischemiac beofre

Answer 35

epicardial

Question 36

if endocardial surface repol faster than epicardial what happens to dipole

Answer 36

it will switch around and T wave will be negative

Question 37

review pg 137

Answer 37

pg 137

Question 38

mean axis oriented most ___ to the lead with largest net amplitude

Answer 38

parallel

Question 39

if AVF is isoeletric what does angle have to be pg 140

Answer 39

0 or 180

Question 40

review pg 140

Answer 40

140

Question 41

pg 141 there is question!

Answer 41

141

Question 42

if QRS is mainly positive leads I and II then main axis is between

Answer 42

+90 and -30 and is normal

Question 43

less than 60 beats per min is

Answer 43

bradycardia

Question 44

more than 100 beats for min is

Answer 44

tachycardia