Cardio, Circulatory and Respiratory Systems. Flashcards
Cardio-Respiratory System
Interaction of the heart and lungs to supply oxygen to muscles during exercise.
Cardiovascular
To do with the heart, blood and blood vessels working together.
Vasodilation
When veins dilate, widening of the internal diameter of the blood vessel to allow increased blood flow.
Vasoconstriction
When veins shrink down, narrowing of the internal diameter of the blood vessel to decrease blood flow.
V02 Max
Volume of oxygen an athlete can consume while exercising a maximum capacity.
Cusp
A triangular fold or flap of heart valve.
Pulmonary
To do with the the lungs.
Vein
Tube that carries blood back to the heart.
Artery
A muscular tube that carries blood away from the heart.
Vena Cava
Lathe vein bringing deoxygenated blood to the heart.
Venous
To do with the veins.
Systole
Phase of heartbeat when the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood from the chambers to the blood.
Diastole
The phase of the heartbeat when the muscle relaxes and lets the chambers fill with blood.
Systolic
Top Number on a blood pressure reader.
Diastolic
Bottom number on a blood pressure reader.
Blood Pressure
Pressure of the blood against the walls of the blood vessels, especially the arteries.
Inspiration
Breathing in.
Expiration
Breathing out.
Erythrocyte
Red blood cell.
Haemoglobin
A red protein in the blood that transports oxygen.
Anaemia
A condition where there is a lack of haemoglobin or red blood cells in the blood.
Leukocyte
White blood cell.
Pathogen
An agent that causes disease.
Antibody
A chemical that destroys an antigen.
Immune System
The processes and structures in tour body that stop disease.
Thrombokinase
Substance involved in blood clotting.
Serotonin
Hormone that triggers the clotting process.
Plasma
The fluid part of the blood.
Vascular Shunting
Increases blood flow to active areas during exercise by diverting blood away from the inactive areas. Achieved through vasodilation and vasoconstriction.
Respiration
The movement of air from outside the body to the cells within tissues.
Diaphragm
Primary muscle used in the process of inspiration or inhalation. A dome shaped muscle that separate the chest from the rets of the body cavity.
Trachea
Tube that takes air to the chest.
Bronchus
Tube along which air passes from trachea to the lungs.
Bronchioles
Smaller branches coming off the bronchi.
Alveoli
Tiny sacs at the end of the bronchioles, where gas exchange takes place.
Gaseous Exchange
Delivery of oxygen from lungs to bloodstream and removal of carbon dioxide from the tissues.
