Cardiac Meds

Question 1

Hypertension with heart failure

Answer 1

1. Diuretics
2. ACE/ARBS
3. B-Blocker
   (compensated HF)
4. aldosterone anatgonist

Question 2

Which calcium channel blocker works on vascular smooth muscle

Answer 2

1. amlodipine
2. nifedipine
3. diltiazem
4. verapamil

Question 3

Medication for hypertensive emergency

Answer 3

clevidipine, fenoldopam, labetalol, nicardipine or nitroprusside

Question 4

What medication is used for Angina secondary to other medications

Answer 4

Ranolazine

Question 5

Which medication can can also be used postoperatively as an antihypertensive. Can cause hypotension and tachycardia

Answer 5

Fenoldopam

Question 6

Hypertension with diabetes mellitus

Answer 6

1. ACE/ARBS
2. Ca channel blockers
3. thaizide diuretics

Question 7

Cardiac medication used for hypertension in pregnancy

Answer 7

Hydralazine, labetolol, methyldopa, nifedipine

Question 8

Which lipid lowering drug causes cholesterol gall stones

Answer 8

(Fibrates) Gemfibrozil

Question 9

Which lipid lowering medication causes hyperglycemia and hyperuricemia as well as flushed face

Answer 9

Niacin (vitamine B3)

Question 10

What is the mechanism of hydralazine

Answer 10

Increase cGMP leads to smooth muscle relaxation. Vasodilates arteriole >veins; afterload reduction

Question 11

what is the mechanism of Nitrates

Answer 11

Vasodilates by increase NO in vascular smooth muscle——> increase in cGMP and smooth muscle relaxation
Dilates veins» arteries. Decrease preload

Question 12

Side effects of Hydralazine

Answer 12

Compensatory tachycardia ( contraindicated in angina/CAD), fluid retention. headache, angina. Lupus-like syndrome

Question 13

Mechanism of calcium channel blockers

Answer 13

Block voltage gated L-type calcium channels of cardiac and smooth muscle leads to decrease muscle contractility

Question 14

What is Goal of Anti-anginal therapy

Answer 14

reduce myocardial O2 consumption by decreasing primary or more of the determination of (MVO2) end diastolic volume, BP, HR, contratility

Question 15

Medication for hypertensive urgency and emergency

Answer 15

Nicardipine, clevidipine

Question 16

Mechanism of Milrinone

Answer 16

Selective PDF-3 inhibitor

Question 17

What medication is short acting, increase cGMP via direct release of NO. Can cause cyanide toxicity (releases cyanide)

Answer 17

Nitroprusside

Question 18

Mechanism of Ranolazine

Answer 18

Inhibit late phase sodium current there by reducing diastolic wall tension and oxygen consumption

Question 19

What is the clinical use of Nitrates

Answer 19

Angina, acute coronary syndrome and pulmonary edema

Question 20

Side effect of Ranolazine

Answer 20

QT prolongation

Question 21

Medication used short term for acute decompensated HF

Answer 21

Milrinone

Question 22

What is the clinical use for nimodipine

Answer 22

subarachnoid hemorrhage (prevents cerebral vasospasm

Question 23

what medication is used to treat PRIMARY (essential) hypertension

Answer 23

1. Thiazide diuretic
2. ACE inhibitors
3. ARBS
4. Dihydropyridine Ca
   channel blockers

Question 24

Side effects of Milrinone

Answer 24

Arrhythmias, hypotesion

Question 25

Side effects of Dihydropyridine CCB

Answer 25

Gingival hyperplasia, peripheral edema and flushing

Question 26

What medication is used to treat hypertension, angina (including printzmetal), Raynaud phenomenon

Answer 26

Dihydropyridines except (nimodipine)

Question 27

what are some side effects of Non-dihydrpyridine calcium channel blockers

Answer 27

cardiac depression, Av block, HYPERPROLACTINEMIA, constipation

Question 28

clinical use of Hydralazine

Answer 28

severe hypertension (acute), HF. frquently coadministered with B-blockers

Question 29

What Dopamine D1 receptor agonist leads to coronary, peripheral, renal and splanchnic vasodilation. Decrease BP, increase natriuresis.

Answer 29

Fenoldopam