Cardiac/Ao/PAD

Question 1

sudden-onset, severe diffuse abdominal pain (w/o peritonitis) hemodynamic instability and flank ecchymoses.
Diagnosis?

Answer 1

ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)

Question 2

3 causes of JVD

Answer 2

Heart failure
Pulm HTN
Cardiac Tamponade

Question 3

Hepatojugular Reflux is distention of neck veins upon applying pressure to the liver. This suggests the underlying pathology is ____

Answer 3

Heart failure, not secondary to cirrhosis

Question 4

Increase jugular, venous pressure with inspiration
(Often seen in constrictive pericarditis)

Answer 4

Kussmaul sign

Question 5

A harsh systolic ejection murmur that radiates to the carotids

Answer 5

Aortic stenosis

Question 6

A holosystolic murmur that radiates to the axilla

Answer 6

Mitral regurgitation

Question 7

Emits, a stomach or late systolic murmur with the preceding click

Answer 7

Mitral valve prolapse

Question 8

In early decrescendo murmur

Answer 8

Aortic regurgitation

Question 9

__ gallop that suggest fluid overload (heart failure, mitral valve, disease), often in young patients, pregnancy, or high output states

Answer 9

S3

Question 10

__ gallop suggest decreased, cardiac compliance (hypertension, aortic stenosis, diastolic dysfunction) usually pathologic can be normal in younger patients and athletes

Answer 10

S4

Question 11

Some causes of peripheral edema include

Answer 11

Heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, hepatic disease, lymphedema, hypoalbuminemia, drugs