Carbs 3 Flashcards
What is a glycaemic index?
The glycaemic index is where you ingest 50g of carbohydrates in different food products and over the space of 2hrs you measure the rise in blood glucose, you measure the area under the curve for the food of interest and the curve for glucose and times it by 100 to find if the food has a low, medium or high GI
What are issues with the GI?
Two individuals could have different responses to the same food, you have to assume that people are having the same serving size as each other, all GI values tend to be based on single foods however when you combine foods you want to see the overall GI not single elements
What is a glycaemic load?
The glycaemic load gives you a more accurate picture of a foods real life impact on your blood sugar e.g. watermelon has very high GI but low GL
What gut health diseases are related to carbohydrates?
Coeliac disease : autoimmune disease
Lactose intolerance : intolerance
IBD : inflammatory bowel disease (e.g. crohn’s)
IBS : intolerance
Colon cancer/colorectal cancer : non-communicable disease
What is IBS?
Chronic gut condition, uncomfortable but usually harmless, prevalence of IBS varies widely (estimated to be 5-10% more common in women <50 years old), cause of IBS unknown
What is a FODMAP diet?
Fermentable, oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols
Symptoms of problems include cramping, diarrhoea, bloating and gas
What causes bowel cancer?
Getting older, smoking tobacco, being overweight, drinking alcohol, not exercising, Crohn’s, bowel cancer family history
A low intake of what dietary component is associated with an increased risk of colon cancer?
Dietary fibre
What is a decreases chance of colon cancer?
Consuming whole grains, dairy products, less red meat, less processed meat and less alcoholic drinks
What is a suggested dietary target?
A daily average intake from food and beverages for certain nutrients that may help in prevention of chronic disease
