Carbs 1

Question 1

What are monosaccharides ?

Answer 1

Single sugars
Glucose - essential energy source required for brain function
Fructose - sweet
Galactose - rarely occurs naturally as a single sugar

Question 2

What is a disaccharide?

Answer 2

Pair of monosaccharides
Maltose (glucose + glucose) - produced during germination
Sucrose (glucose + fructose) - refined from sugar cane and beets
Lactose (glucose + galactose) - found in milk and milk products

Question 3

What is starch?

Answer 3

Storage form of glucose in plants, found in grains, tubers and legumes

Question 4

What is glycogen?

Answer 4

Multi branched polysaccharide of glucose, main storage form of glucose in the body, provides glucose during ‘fasting’ state to the body and central nervous system

Question 5

What is dietary fibre?

Answer 5

The fraction of the edible part of plants or their extracts, or synthetic analogues, and includes polysaccharide, oligosaccharides and lignins
Resistant to the digestion and absorption in small intestine, promote lactation, reduction in cholesterol and modulation of blood glucose

Question 6

What are non-starch polysaccharides?

Answer 6

Resistant to digestion in the small intestine
Not broken down by enzymes in the small intestine

Question 7

What are free sugars?

Answer 7

Free sugars include monosaccharides and disaccharides added to foods and beverages by the manufacturers, cook or consumer, and sugars naturally present in honey, syrups, fruit juices and fruit juice concentrates

Question 8

What are intrinsic sugars?

Answer 8

Naturally occurring sugars found in whole, unprocessed foods such as fruits, vegetables, dairy, honey and some grains

Question 9

What are added sugars?

Answer 9

Typically extracted, concentrated and refined from sources such as sugar cane, fruit, coconut, sugar beet or corn