Carbs 2 Flashcards
How do you reduce (free/added) sugar intake?
Sugar Tax
Labelling
Non-nutritive sweeteners
Modify taste
What is the sugar tax?
It is a tax or surcharge designed to reduce consumption of sweetened food or beverages
NZ and Australia do not have a sugar tax despite rising numbers of diabetes
What does labelling do?
Labelling tells people about what is inside the packaged food they are buying - in relation to sugars the consumer should know how much total and added sugar there are however free sugar not included
What is Aspartame?
Non-nutritive sweetener. Very intense, sweet taste, don’t need a lot to get sweet taste but used a lot as it doesn’t lift energy levels too much however possibly not safe for consumption in high amounts (possibly carcinogenic)
What is a non-nutritive sweetener?
A low calorie sweetener that provides a sweetness like that of sugar while containing significantly less food energy than sugar-based sweeteners
How does amylase aid in digestion?
Amylase is made by pancreas and by glands in mouth. Breaks down carbohydrates and starches into sugars. Breaks down polysaccharides/starches into monosaccharides/disaccharides
What happens if you consume more energy than recommended for your BMR?
If you consume more energy than you require (more carbohydrate, more sugar) your body will turn it into fat/adipose tissue
What is carbohydrate metabolism?
Glucose, galactose and fructose travel via hepatic portal vein to liver
Liver converts galactose and fructose to glucose
What is lactose persistence vs. lactose intolerance?
When a mammal is born they have lactase enzyme but once they’re weaned the lactase isn’t expressed anymore in small intestine hence most adult mammals can’t digest milk (except humans). Around 1/3 of humans are lactase persistent throughout their life, the rest are lactose intolerant meaning they cannot break down lactose into galactose and glucose (no lactase enzyme present)
