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Pharmacy > Canine Vaccines > Flashcards

Canine Vaccines Flashcards

1
Q

What are some reasons a vaccine protocol might vary for an animal?

A
  • Age of animal;
  • Species of animal;
  • Geographical location;
  • How animals are housed;
  • Type of vaccine being used;
  • Health status of animal;
  • Lifestyle of animal;
  • Travel habits of animal;
  • Previous vaccine history.
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2
Q

What is a core vaccine?

A

Vaccines that are universally recommended for all animals of a certain species

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3
Q

What is a non-core vaccine?

A

These are optional vaccines that are recommended based on need or risk.

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4
Q

What is a not recommended vaccine?

A

These are vaccines that currently do not show any efficacy

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5
Q

What is the vaccine protocol for dogs for Canine Parvovirus for a puppy <16 wks old?

A

MLV, Min. 3 doses b/w 6 and 16 wks every 3 -4 weeks, final dose given b/w 14-16 wks.

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6
Q

What is the vaccine protocol for dogs for Canine Parvovirus for a Initial adult vacc. >16 weeks?

A

MLV, 2 doses, 3-4 weeks apart

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7
Q

What is the vaccine protocol for dogs for Canine Parvovirus for a booster?

A

MLV, 1 year after primary vaccination, then every 3 years

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8
Q

What is the vaccine protocol for dogs for Canine Adenovirus 2 for a puppy <16 wks old?

A

MLV Min. 3 doses b/w the ages of 6-16 wks every 3-4 wks. Final dose at 14-16 wks.

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9
Q

What is the vaccine protocol for dogs for Canine Adenovirus 2 for a initial adult >16 wks old?

A

MLV 2 doses, 3 to 4 weeks apart

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10
Q

What is the vaccine protocol for dogs for Canine Adenovirus 2 for a booster?

A

MLV 1 year after primary vaccination then every 1 to 3 years

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11
Q

What is the vaccine protocol for dogs for Rabies for a puppy <16 wks old?

A

Killed, Administer one dose as early as 3 months of age.

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12
Q

What is the vaccine protocol for dogs for Rabies for a initial adult >16 wks old?

A

Killed, Administer a single dose.

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13
Q

What is the vaccine protocol for dogs for Rabies for a booster?

A

Killed, 1 year after primary vaccination then every 1 to 3 years

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14
Q

What are core vaccines for dogs?

A

Canine parvovirus, canine distemper virus, canine adenovirus 2 and Rabies

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15
Q

What are non core vaccines for dogs?

A
  • Bordetella bronchiseptica
  • Parainfluenza.
  • Borrelia burgdorferi
  • Leptospira interrogans
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16
Q

What are not recommended vaccines for dogs for routine use?

A
  • Canine Coronavirus.
  • Crotalus atrox Toxoid
  • Porphyromonas sp.
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17
Q

What are the non core vaccines for cats?

A
  • Feline leukemia virus is recommended for cats that are not restricted to a closed, indoor, FeLV-negative environment.
  • FIV vaccine is restricted to cats at high risk of infection.
  • Chlamydia
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18
Q

What are the risk factors for dogs?

A

○ Age
○ Contact with other dogs
○ Regional variations
○ Breed
○ Environmental exposure
○ Immunosuppressed

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19
Q

(T or F) The incidence rate of Canine Distemper is low in poorly vaccinated areas?

A

False

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20
Q

How is Canine Distemper spread?

A

Virus particles in the air, puppies during pregnancy

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21
Q

Give examples of some species Canine Distemper effects?

A

Fox, coyotes, wolves, ferrets, racoon, badger

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22
Q

What body systems does Canine Distemper effect?

A

All body systems

23
Q

What are the symptoms of Canine Distemper?

A

○ Fever, vomiting, diarrhea, coughing, seizures
○ Ocular & nasal discharge, hard pad disease

24
Q

Is there a Tx for Canine Distemper?

A

No Tx once animal is infected, can only provide supportive Tx

25
Q

What are the long term symptoms of Canine Distemper?

A

Seizures, damaged tooth enamel

26
Q

What is the morbidity rate of Canine Distemper?

A

High, unvaccinated will get sick

27
Q

What is the mortality rate for Canine Distemper?

A

Infected animals likely die

28
Q

What is the incidence rate for Canine Parvovirus?

A

High incidence rate

29
Q

How is Canine Parvovirus transferred?

A

Fecal-oral transmission

30
Q

Does Canine Parvovirus require direct contact to be transferred?

A

No

31
Q

Which breeds are more susceptible to Canine Parvovirus?

A

Dobermans, Rottweilers, min pins and pit bulls

32
Q

How long can Canine Parvovirus survive in the environment?

A

5 months

33
Q

How would do you disinfect against Canine Parvovirus?

A

Bleach or special disinfecting agents

34
Q

How much of the Canine Parvovirus is required to spread the disease?

A

Very little particles needed to transmit disease

35
Q

What are the symptoms of Canine Parvovirus?

A

Starts with depression, fever and inappetance (anorexia). Rapidly progresses to vomiting, profuse diarrhea (may be bloody), severe dehydration.

36
Q

What happens if Canine Parvovirus is left untreated?

A

Dehydration
Bacterial infection
Virus destroys lining of intestine

37
Q

What kind of Tx can be done for Canine Parvovirus?

A

Supportive care

38
Q

What is Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis?

A

Kennel cough, Canine Parainfluenza, Bordetella

39
Q

How is kennel cough spread?

A

Highly contagious, spread by aerosols

40
Q

What are the routes for kennel cough?

A

IN most effective, SQ not as effective

41
Q

What is the mild form of kennel cough?

A

○ Dry, hacking cough followed by retching
○ Nasal/ocular discharge, mild fever
○ Resolves in 10-14 days
○ Antitussive

42
Q

What is the complicated form of kennel cough?

A

○ Young puppies, geriatric dogs
○ Due to secondary bacterial infections = pneumonia

43
Q

What is Canine Infectious Hepatitis?

A

Adenovirus or CAV-1

44
Q

How is Canine Adenovirus spread?

A

Spread by direct contact and fomites
Infected animals shed virus and spread disease not only when ill and through urine for 6–9 months after recovery

45
Q

What are the C/S of Canine Adenovirus?

A

○ Fever
○ Depression
○ Vomiting
○ Anorexia
○ Abdominal pain & distention
○ Ocular signs
○ Yellow mucous membranes or whites of eyes (icterus)

46
Q

What is the mortality rate?

A

Infected dogs may die within hours of developing clinical signs

47
Q

How contagious is Canine Coronavirus and how does it spreads?

A

Highly contagious ○ Fecal-oral route in high density environments

48
Q

What life stages are most susceptible to Cane Coronavirus?

A

Puppies

49
Q

What is Leptospirosis?

A

Zoonotic

50
Q

How is Leptospirosis spread?

A

● Infection occurs through aerosolized urine, ingestion, contact with wounds or mucous membranes, or direct contact
● Infected animals can shed bacteria for at least 6 months.

51
Q

What does Leptospirosis attack in the body and what are C/S?

A

Liver and kidneys. Clinical signs include fever, dehydration, depression, icterus, blood in urine or feces.

52
Q

How are veterinary staff exposed to Leptospirosis?

A

Through contact with animal urine, wounds, and blood

53
Q

What are the C/S of Lyme disease?

A

○ Fever
○ Joint pain/stiffness
○ Can lead to arthritis
○ May be recurrent – weeks to months

54
Q

How is rabies spread?

A

Contact with saliva or wounds of
infected animal

Pharmacy (15 decks)

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