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AntiBacterials Flashcards

1
Q

Drugs under Penicillin?

A

Penicillin (G&V), Cloxacillin, Methicillin, Ampicillin, Amoxicillin

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2
Q

What is the Spectrum for Penicillin?

A

Broad or Narrow

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3
Q

What is the Action of Penicillin?

A

Bacterialcidal

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4
Q

What are the Toxicities of Penicillin?

A

Allergic rxn, fatal diarrhea in rodents and rabbits, disrupt GIT

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5
Q

Drugs under Cephalosporin?

A

Cephalexin, Ceftiofur

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6
Q

What is the Spectrum for Cephalosporin?

A

Broad or Narrow (depends on generation)

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7
Q

What is the Cephalosporin that is safe to be used in food animals?

A

Ceftiofur

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8
Q

What is the action of Cephalosporin?

A

Bacterialcidal

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9
Q

What are the Toxicities of Cephalosporin?

A

GIT upset, allergic rxn, Ceftiofur WD: 2 days

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10
Q

Drugs under Tetracyclines?

A

Tetracycline, oxytetracycline, doxytetracycline, chlortetracycline

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11
Q

What Spectrum is Tetracyclines?

A

Broad

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12
Q

What is the Action of Tetracyclines?

A

Bacteriostatic

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13
Q

What are the Toxicities or Tetracyclines?

A

GIT upset, tooth discolouration, esophageal stricture in cats

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14
Q

Drugs under Sulfonamides?

A

Sulfaquinolone, Sulfamethazine, Sulfa+Trimethoprim

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15
Q

What Spectrum is Sulfonamides?

A

Effective against some G+ and G- aerobes

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16
Q

What is the Action of Sulfonamides?

A

Bacteriostatic

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17
Q

What are the Toxicities in Sulfonamides?

A

KCS in dogs, salivation & gastric ulcers in cats

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18
Q

Drugs under Aminoglycocides?

A

Neomycin, Streptomysin, Amikacin, Gentamicin, Kanamycin

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19
Q

What Spectrum is Aminoglycocides?

A

Narrow (G-)

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20
Q

What is the Action of Aminoglycocides?

A

Bacterialcidal

21
Q

What are the Toxicities of Aminoglycocides?

A

Nephrotoxitiy, ototoxicity, Hearing loss or balance (in cats)

22
Q

Drugs under Lincosamides?

A

Lincomysin, Clindamysin, Pirlimysin

23
Q

What is the Spectrum of Lincosamides?

A

Narrow (G+)

24
Q

What is the Action of Lincosamides?

A

Bacteriostatic

25
Q

What are the Toxicities of Lincosamides?

A

GIT toxicity, fatal diarrhea in horses, rabbits, ruminants, pocket pets

26
Q

Drugs under Macrolides?

A

Erythromycin, Tylosin, Tulathromycin, Tilomicosin

27
Q

What is the Spectrum of Macrolides?

A

Variable spectrums (G+ or G-)

28
Q

What is the Action of Macrolides?

A

Bacteriostatic

29
Q

What are the Toxicities of Macrolides?

A

GIT effects, IM damage, Tilomicosin is fatal to humans, horses or dogs if injected

30
Q

Drugs under Fluoroquinolone’s?

A

Enrofloxacin, orbifloxacin, ciprofloxacin, difloxacin, danofloxacin (cattle only)

31
Q

What Spectrum is Fluoroquinolone’s?

32
Q

What is the Action of Fluoroquinolone’s?

A

Bacterialcidal

33
Q

What are the Toxicities of Fluoroquinolone’s?

A

High TI, GIT upset, Enrofloxacin lower dose in cats (cause eye lesions), wait until after puppies plate growth closes

34
Q

Drugs under Polypeptide ABx?

A

polymyxin B (polysporin), Bacitracin

35
Q

What Spectrum is Polypeptides?

A

Narrow (G+ or G-)

36
Q

What Action is Polypeptides?

A

Bacterialcidal

37
Q

What are the Toxicities of Polypeptides?

A

Severe neurological + renal damage if given parenterally

38
Q

Drugs under Chloramphenicol + Florphenicol?

A

Chlorphenicol and Florphenicol

39
Q

What is the Spectrum of Chloraphenicol and Florphenicol?

A

Wide Spectrum ( G+ and G-)

40
Q

What are the Toxicities of Chloramphenicol and Florphenicol?

A

Chlora: irreversible aplastic anemia in humans (not allowed in food animals)
Flor: GIT upset in dogs and cats, pain in Inj. set, inappetence, diarrhea, can be used in food animals

41
Q

What is the Action of Chloraphenicol and Florphenicol?

A

Bacteriostatic

42
Q

Drugs under Nitrofurans?

A

Nitrofurazone, Furazolidone

43
Q

What Spectrum is Nitrofurans?

44
Q

What is the Action is Nitrofurans?

A

Bacterialcidal

45
Q

What are the Toxicities of Nitrofurans?

A

Carcinogens in humans (not in food animals), some GIT upset

46
Q

Drugs under Nitroimidazole

A

Metronidazole

47
Q

What Spectrum is Nitroimidazole’s

A

Against anaerobes

48
Q

What Action is Nitroimidazole’s?

A

Bacterialcidal

49
Q

What are the Toxicities of Nitroimidazoles?

A

Do not use in food animals, neurologic toxicity , include ataxia, head tilt, potentially reversible

Pharmacy (15 decks)

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