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Extra practice NAVLE > Canine Revision > Flashcards

Canine Revision Flashcards

1
Q

Non productive retching, marked gas distention

A

volvulus

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2
Q

Irregular H.R, exercise intolerance, coughing

A

DCM

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3
Q

Fainting female miniature Schnauzer.

A

Sick sinus syndrome

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4
Q

Young dog with cyanosis, exercise intolerance

A

Tetratology of fallot

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5
Q

coughing, exercise intolerance, labored breathing

A

Mitral regurgitation

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6
Q

Generalized wobbliness and head bobbing

A

Cerebellar hypoplasia

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7
Q

50% of intact female dogs

A

Mammary gland tumors

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8
Q

Sternotic nares, everted laryngeal saccules, elongated soft palate

A

Brachycephalic syndrome

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9
Q

Thoracolumbar pain, arched back, hind limb hypermetria, ataxia

A

IVDD

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10
Q

Mass in anal gland, more than 50% have metastasized at dx

A

Apocrine gland adenocarcinoma

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11
Q

Apocrine gland adenocarcinoma

A

Mass in anal gland

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12
Q

malodourous stool with mucous, cystlike structures

A

Gigardia

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13
Q

hypermetria, vertical nystagmus, head tilt

A

Granulomatous meningoencephalitis

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14
Q

Rx for Adrenal-dependent HAC

A

Unilateral adrenalectomy

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15
Q

Malignant melanoma - RX

A

Radical excision

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16
Q

No suppression is seen at anytime with LDDS test

A

ADHAC

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17
Q

With LDDS test, suppression at 4 hours, no suppression at 8 hours

A

PDHAC

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18
Q

Vomiting, stiff gait, PU,PD, petechial hemorrhage in oral mucosa

A

Leptospirosis

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19
Q

Sublingual swelling, part of a salivary mucocele

A

Ranula

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20
Q

Dx of fibrocartilagenous empolism

A

MRI

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21
Q

Leptospirosis - Rx, DX

A

DCN | Dx. Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT)

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22
Q

Serial progesterone testing

A

Estimation of approximate ovulation day in bitches

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23
Q

Reverse D sign

A

Heart worm

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24
Q

Pulmonary edema, Congestion (cough / dypnoea)

A

L. side heart failure

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25
Q

Ascites, pleural effusion, pericardial edema

A

R. side heart failure

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26
Q

Cloudy lenses

A

Cataract

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27
Q

Hind limb weakness, obsessive chewing of tail

A

Cauda equine syndrome

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28
Q

Cervical vertebra instability/ stenosis

A

Wobble syndrome

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29
Q

tumor, dome shaped, freely moveable

A

Histocytoma

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30
Q

Small breed with systolic mumur

A

Mitral regurgitation/ insufficiency

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31
Q

Large breed with systolic mumur

A

DCM

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32
Q

Helps control canine behavior/urine spraying in cats

A

Paroxetine

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33
Q

Proliferation invading horizontal walls of the ear canal

A

Ceruminous gland adenocarcinoma

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34
Q

Hypoadrenocortism-like syndrome, Cecocolic intussusceptions

A

Whip worms

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35
Q

Worms causing parasitic gastritis/ enteritis

A

Trichostrongylous spp

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36
Q

All parameters increases, platelets decrease

A

DIC

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37
Q

Increase PT, aPTT

A

Anticoagulant rodenticide toxicity

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38
Q

BMBT increases, all other parameters are normal

A

Von Willerand’s

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39
Q

Platelet decreases, BMBT increases, other parameters are normal

A

Thrombocytopenia

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40
Q

Worsening tetraperesis

A

Atlantoaxial subluxation

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41
Q

Alopecia, flaky skin, weight gain

A

Hypothyroidism

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42
Q

Crescendo-descendo on L. 2-5th ICS

A

Aortic stenosis

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43
Q

Mumur at 5-6 ICS

A

Mitral dysplasia

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44
Q

Mass with scattered spindle-shaped cells with round nuceli

A

Sarcoma

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45
Q

Older dog, clusters of large cells with round to oval nuclei tightly adherent to each other

A

Adenocarcinoma

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46
Q

Numerous red blotched (on skin, mostly ventral abdomen)

A

Dx: Coagulation testing

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47
Q

Most common benign oral tumor of dogs, grow from periodontal tissue, evasive, don’t usually metastasize

A

Canine ameloblastoma

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48
Q

Pear shaped pink smooth mass protruding from vulva

A

Vaginal prolapsed

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49
Q

muffled heart sounds, weak femoral pulses.

A

pericardial effusion

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50
Q

Most common cause of seizures in dogs over 5 years

A

Brain tumors

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51
Q

Seizures in younger dogs less than 5 years

A

Idiopathic epilepsy

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52
Q

Erythema, depigmentation, scaling, crusting of nasal planum

A

Discoid lupus

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53
Q

severe hyperkeratosis of dorsum and pinna

A

Vit. A responsive dermatosis

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54
Q

Dyshoria during surgical procedure

A

Administer Acepromazine

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55
Q

phacoemulsification

A

method of removing cataracts in dogs

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56
Q

Rx. Pituitary Cushing’s

A

Mitotane

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57
Q

Surgery in patients with prolonged PT and aPTT

A

Vit. K orally

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58
Q

Pentoxifylline and steroids

A

Rx of Cutaneous vasculitis

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59
Q

Solitary well circumscribed, firm, erythematous intradermal nodule

A

Histocytoma

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60
Q

starts coughing, becomes dyspneic, cyanotic, faints

A

Heartworm

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61
Q

Drooling, retching, restless after a few snacks, tense abdomen, THREADY PULSE

A

GDV

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62
Q

Young dog with visual impairment and short stature for age

A

Chondrodysplasia

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63
Q

Ununited anconeal process of ulna, Fragmentation of medial condyle process

A

Elbow dysplasia

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64
Q

Vascular ring entrapment/ anomaly

A

Persistent R. 4th aortic arch

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65
Q

Miniature schnauzer with syncope (fainting)

A

SSS (Sick Sinus Syndrome)

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66
Q

Seen concurrently with anal sac apocrine gland adenocarcinoma

A

EPI

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67
Q

Progressive pelvic limb lameness/ hock swelling that painful, firm joint

A

Synovial cell sarcoma

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68
Q

Chicken breast and cottage (Low in Cu)

A

Copper storage hepatopathy

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69
Q

Respiratory distress and vomiting

A

Laryngeal foreign body

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70
Q

L6-S1

A

Withdrawal reflex

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71
Q

L4-L6

A

Patellar reflex

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72
Q

Friable gingivial mass

A

Malignant melanoma

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73
Q

Lens luxation

A

Cataract and glaucoma

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74
Q

depressed, coughing, exercise intolerance

A

DCM

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75
Q

depressed, coughing, exercise intolerance

A

DCM

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76
Q

L – asparginase, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, prednisone, and vincristine

A

Generalized lyphadenopathy

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77
Q

Atrophied adrenal glands

A

Iatrogenic HAC

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78
Q

Differentiates between a vaccinated dog and dog naturally infected with Borrelia burgdorferi

A

C6 Peptide Elisa test

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79
Q

Tests HypoAC and Iatrogenic HAC

A

ACTH stimulation test

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80
Q

Lameness, enlarged joints, respiratory signs

A

Disseminated coccidiodomycosis

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81
Q

Nose down posture

A

Cervical disc disease

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82
Q

Invasive ear canal lesion - Dx

A

Computed tomography, MRI

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83
Q

Dx of Invasive fleshy mass in horizontal ear canal

A

Ceruminous gland adenocarcinoma

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84
Q

Severe vomiting, collapse, severely dehydrated, shocky

A

HypoAC

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85
Q

Progressively worsening carpal and tarsal laxity

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

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86
Q

S/C pre-operatively to patients with Von-WD

A

Desmopressin acetate (Vasopresin)

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87
Q

PD, vomiting, fluid filled tubular mass in ventral abdomen

A

OVH

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88
Q

Acute collapse, tachypnea, tachycardia, muffled heart sounds, weak pulse, growth in R. auricle

A

Hemangiosarcoma

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89
Q

Continuous mumur

A

Pulmonic stenosis

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90
Q

Mumur in L. chest btw 2-4th IC

A

PDA

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91
Q

Thumb test

A

Coxofemoral luxation

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92
Q

Lump on hock

A

Fracture

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93
Q

Severe acute spinal cord trauma (T3-L3), thoracic limb (rigid/ extended), pelvic limbs (Flaccid)

A

Schiff-Sherrington

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94
Q

Forelimbs (Hypotonic), Hind limbs (Spasticparesis)

A

Cervicothoracic (C6-T2)

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95
Q

Cerebellum

A

Ataxia

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96
Q

Vestibular

A

No ataxia

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97
Q

TCN/ DCN x 1 month + Gentamycin x 7 days

A

Rx for Brucellosis

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98
Q

Sloughing of nail off nail bed

A

Oncymadesis

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99
Q

Brittle nails, breaks easily

A

Onychorrhexis

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100
Q

Cutaneous trunci reflex

A

T11-12

101
Q

Nasal pain, ulceration, unilateral sanguinopurulent nasal discharge with layer of gray-black necrotic material

A

Aspergillosis

102
Q

Best arterial sampling site for blood gas analysis in dogs

A

Femoral artery

103
Q

Ventricular fibrillation - RX

A

CPR

104
Q

Stabilize patients with bradyarrhythmia’s e.g Sick Sinus Syndrome

A

Pace maker

105
Q

Tachycardia, bounding pulses, discolored urine

A

IMHA

106
Q

Most common canine nasal tumors. Rx. Radiation

A

Adenocarcinomas

107
Q

Ulcerative plaque of alopecia on limb.

A

Acral lick granulomas

108
Q

Bilaterally enlarged adrenal glands, nodules may be present

A

Pituitary HAC

109
Q

Esophageal sarcoma

A

Chronic spirocerca lupi

110
Q

foreleg lameness (shoulder) that worsens with exercise

A

Osteochondriosis

111
Q

Hunting dog, hoarse cough, pyogranulomatous skin

A

Blastomycosis. Rx Itraconazole BID x 60 days, Amphotericin B

112
Q

Radiolucent lines parallel to epiphyseal growth plate in large breeds

A

Hypertrophic osteodystrophy

113
Q

Abnormal thickening of cartilage.

A

Osteochondriosis dissecans

114
Q

Increased osteocyte production

A

Spondyloides deformans

115
Q

Bumping into things, normal pupillary light reflexes, aka Central blindness

A

Occipital cortex lesion

116
Q

Most common cause of hypercalcemia in dogs

A

Malignancy

117
Q

Best rx for Ca oxalate ureterolith

A

Laser lithotripsy

118
Q

DKA with breathing that is fast and very deeply in a very regular pattern

A

Kussmaul breathing

119
Q

Agonal respiration (when death is imminent) in anesthetized patients with brain damage

A

Cheyne-strokes

120
Q

urohydropulsion

A

Removal of urocystoliths

121
Q

Lump under jaw, viscous fluid with red cells, degenerative neutrophils has been aspirated.

A

Salivary mucocoele

122
Q

MRI showing enlarged ventricles in the brain and widened sulci

A

Cognitive dysfunction syndrome

123
Q

Outdoor living, exercise intolerance, non-productive cough

A

Heartworm

124
Q

Continuous murmur (machinery type), stunted growth

A

PDA

125
Q

Reverse C structure in abdomen, abdominal distention with reddish colored urine

A

Splenic torsion in dogs

126
Q

Mostly caused by malignant carcinoma.

A

HPT

127
Q

Paradichlorobenzene (Diper buckets, deodorizer cakes)

A

Trembling, seizures

128
Q

Pleural effusion resulting from CHF. Rx Thoracentesis

A

Muffles lung sounds, cyanotic mm, and systolic murmur

129
Q

Rapid, irregular H.R, coughing, exercise intolerant

A

DCM

130
Q

Young pup with submandibular lymphadenopathy and swelling of muzzle, lip, eyelid

A

Juvenile cellulitis

131
Q

Increases with cholestasis

A

ALP

132
Q

Screening for hepatocellular injury in dogs and cats

A

ALT, AST

133
Q

Dog with history of dietary indiscretion is vomiting and has abdominal pain - DX

A

Plain abdominal radiographs

134
Q

Progressive hair loss with no other conditions/ signs

A

Alopecia X

135
Q

Generalized ataxia, hypermetria in all 4 limbs, head tremor

A

Cerebellum

136
Q

Definitive dx for Lytic bone lesion

A

Bone biopsy

137
Q

Polyuria, pendulous abdomen, truncal alopecia

A

Hyperadrenocortism

138
Q

Epitheliotrophic lymphoma

A

Large swelling around vulva, aspirate shows round cells

139
Q

Anaplasma phagocytophilium, Ehrichia ewingii. Rx DCN

A

Attacks granulocytes

140
Q

Playing outdoors, later wheezing and coughing - DX

A

Bronchoscopy

141
Q

Dx of syncope

A

ECG

142
Q

DX of DCM

A

Radiographs and echocardiography

143
Q

Older dog with low lumbar pain, urinary incontinence, poor anal/ tail tone

A

Lumbosacral syndrome

144
Q

Hyperthyroidism in dogs

A

Malignant carcinomas

145
Q

Hyperthyroidism in cats

A

Benign adenomas

146
Q

non-pruritic alopecia on right hip area that develops gradually after last medical check up

A

Vaccine injection reaction

147
Q

Splenic torsion (Firm mass shaped in backwards C in abdomen) - RX

A

Spleenectomy

148
Q

Difficulty rising/ jumping with high WBC in CBC. Vertebral infection caused by spread of bacteria or fungi from another site

A

Diskospondylitis

149
Q

Don’t give debilitated or geriatric patients

A

Morphine

150
Q

Don’t give debilitated or geriatric patients

A

Morphine

151
Q

Dipylidium caninum Rx

A

Praziquantel

152
Q

Petechial hemorrhages on gums/ oral mm. Rx DCN

A

Rocky Mt. Spotted fever

153
Q

Babaesia gibsoni - RX

A

Atovaquone and Azithromycin

154
Q

Xylitol

A

Rapid insulin release resulting in hypoglycemia

155
Q

Chocolate, Toad toxin

A

Cardiac arrhythmia, CNS dysfxn, convulsion

156
Q

Nervous, rapid pulse/ RR

A

Pentachlorophenol

157
Q

L7-S1

A

Epidural for limb surgery

158
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma - RX

A

Complete resection

159
Q

Hypotension, bradycardia, bronchoconstriction

A

Timolol side effect

160
Q

Relax tension on eye following Oculomotor nerve damage

A

atropine

161
Q

Pup smaller than normal size for its age with seizure, ataxia. Dx: Measure serum bile acids

A

PSVA

162
Q

Hunting/ outdoor dog acutely sneezing violently, gagging and pawing at his face.

A

Grass awn in nasopharynx

163
Q

Respiratory disease + diarrhea, encapsulated structures inside macrophages and giant cells

A

Histoplasmosis

164
Q

Coughing, dyspnea, and bilateral epistaxis

A

Rodenticide toxicity

165
Q

Ventricular premature complex

A

DCM. Dx: Ecocardiography

166
Q

Canine insulin molecule is identical to ?

A

Porcine

167
Q

The most sensitive test for anticoagulant rodenticide toxicity

A

PIVKA

168
Q

Weight gain, flaky skin, dull hair coat

A

Primary hypothyroidism

169
Q

Constipation, failure to urinate, soft tissue swelling ventrolateral to anus

A

Peri anal herenia. Rx. Castration

170
Q

Hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia

A

Cholecalciferiol toxicity

171
Q

Swelling ventral to left eye

A

Maxilliary premolar 4 abcess

172
Q

Caused by Furosemide, Phenobarbital, Mitotane

A

Euthyroid sick syndrome

173
Q

bounding pulse

A

Iron deficiency anemia

174
Q

Ultrasound (Reliably counts litter size)

A

28 days

175
Q

40 days (cat), 45 days (dog)

A

Radiography

176
Q

Spinal cord compression on 2nd cervical

A

Ataxia and paresis

177
Q

Balloned heart, jugular distention, diminished/ quiet heart sounds, ascites, weak pulse

A

Pericardial effusion

178
Q

Increased BUN and Creatinine. In chronic renal disease, lepto, ethylene glycol toxicity, etc

A

Renal azotemia

179
Q

Pre renal azotemia

A

Dehydrated animals

180
Q

Avoid protein and phosphorus

A

Chronic renal failure

181
Q

Immune mediated thrombocytopenia

A

Patachiae and ecchymosis

182
Q

Healthy dog loosing multiple nails one after the other

A

Symmetric Lupoid Onychodystrophy

183
Q

Lung worms (Coughing, nodules in lungs) - Rx

A

Ivermectin or fenbendazole

184
Q

To get prednisolone dose

A

Divide dexamethasone dose by 8

185
Q

Intussusception - helminth

A

Whip worms (Trichuris)

186
Q

Ingestion of warfarin- containing rat poison

A

Ingestion of warfarin- containing rat poison

187
Q

Neonate, drinks/ pees a lot, stumbling around, ataxia

A

PSVA

188
Q

Tragic facial expression, alopecia on dorsum/ tail

A

Hypothyroidism

189
Q

Several firm non painful swellings attached to ribs

A

Multiple cartilaginous exostoses

190
Q

Head pressing, acting blind, loss of conscious proprioception on all 4 limbs

A

Necrotizing encephalitis

191
Q

Dx for influenza

A

PCR on nasal swabs; acute and convalescent titers

192
Q

Inhibits cartilage formation

A

Enrofloxacin

193
Q

Persistent mumur

A

PDA

194
Q

Teratogenic

A

Carprofen

195
Q

Fever with bloody urethral discharge, rectal palpation is painful, reveals firm bilobed structure, tenis ball size

A

Acute prostatitis

196
Q

Straining to urinate, abdominal pain, small volume of reddish urine

A

Transitional cell carcinoma

197
Q

Retained placenta in bitch

A

Metritis

198
Q

lameness, benign growth on bone (Spicule of conical smooth new bone)

A

Osteochondroma

199
Q

Dark splotches on abdomen (Petechial hemorrhage)

A

Evaluate Platelet count and BMBT

200
Q

Worsening paralysis in hind limbs

A

Neospora canis

201
Q

Odoriferous diarrhea, foul smelling watery brown stool

A

SIBO

202
Q

gametocytes in peripheral blood leukocytes

A

hepatozoonosis

203
Q

Pulmonic stenosis. Mumur between 2-4 IC space on left

A

R. Ventricular hypertrophy

204
Q

5-6 IC on left space

A

Mitral dysplasia

205
Q

5-6 IC on right

A

Tricuspid dysplasia

206
Q

Small growth on mm of lips

A

Viral oral papilloma

207
Q

Day 42- 45 of pregnancy

A

Fetal skeleton visible in radiographs

208
Q

Brodifacoum

A

Causes prolonged Prothrombin time

209
Q

4 P’s of Cushing’s

A

Panting, Pot belly, PU, PD

210
Q

Diuretics (Furosemide), Diet (Low Na), Dilators (ACE inhibitors)

A

CHF RX

211
Q

80-85% of (non-Iatrogenic) Canine Cushing’s

A

Pituitary origin

212
Q

15-20% of (non-Iatrogenic) Canine Cushing’s

A

Adrenal origin

213
Q

Young dog, mostly male with weeks of foreleg lameness, problems gets worse with exercise, lesions seen in shoulder (left caudocentral humeral head)

A

Osteochondrosis (Weight control is key)

214
Q

Chelation (e.g Succimer)

A

Rx for lead toxicity (Lead based house paints)

215
Q

Rx of Refectory IMHA

A

Human IV immunoglobulin

216
Q

Mostly geriatric, nystagmus, head tilt, ataxia, circling, and cranial nerves are normal

A

Idiopathic vestibular disease

217
Q

Cough, exercise intolerance, fast, shallow breathing

A

CHF (Rx. Furosemide)

218
Q

Holosystolic mumur with max intensity over left apex

A

Mitral valve endocardiosis

219
Q

Canine pyometra

A

E.coli

220
Q

Absence of P waves

A

Atrial standstill

221
Q

Muscle tremors, tachycardia, hyperpnea

A

Metaldehyde toxicity (Molluscicides)

222
Q

Helicobacter dx

A

Gastric biopsies

223
Q

Potassium citrate may be used to alkalinize urine

A

Ca oxalate

224
Q

6 months old dog licking vulva a lot

A

Juvenile vaginitis

225
Q

Chewing gum seizures

A

Hypoglycemia

226
Q

Fluctuant submandibular swelling with thick serous fluid on aspiration. Rx. Surgery

A

Salivary mucocoele

227
Q

Palpable cranial abdominal mass, splenic masses with multiple cavitations

A

Hemangiosarcoma

228
Q

Epinephrine IV, Prednisolone Na succinate IV

A

Swelling face ff vaccination

229
Q

Heartworm, Heart failure, Hemolytic anemia, Hemangiosarcoma, HE, Hepatic diseases, GDV

A

DIC

230
Q

Mass growing lateral to anus. Rx. Abrx and warm compress

A

Anal gland abscess

231
Q

R. Head tilt, nystagmus (Left), ataxia

A

R. Otitis media/ interna

232
Q

Large breed dog with occasional hind limb lameness

A

Hip dysplasia

233
Q

Left thoracic limb lameness

A

Osteochondriosis

234
Q

Rocky mt spotted fever

A

Patechial hemorrhage

235
Q

Anemia with icterus

A

Babesia and piroplasma

236
Q

Regurgitation, ACH receptor antibody test reveals an elevated antibody level. Rx. Pyridostigmine bromide

A

Myasthenia gravis

237
Q

Hunting dog, pyogranulomatous skin condition, conjunctivitis

A

Blastomycosis

238
Q

Multifocal crusts with large coalescing pustles

A

Pemphigus foliaceus

239
Q

Ulceration/ crusting on nasal planum

A

Pemphigus erythematous

240
Q

Dark brown urine, very pale mm

A

Zinc toxicity

241
Q

Heartworm, HyperAC

A

Thromboembolism

242
Q

Osteolysis of spinous process

A

Paraperesis

243
Q

Cobalamin deficiency

A

Infl bowel Disease

244
Q

Good prognosis, most cases resolve spontaneously

A

Idiopatic trigeminal neuritis

245
Q

How long after a booster rabies vaccine is a dog, cat, or ferret is considered vaccinated

A

Immediately

246
Q

Shifting leg lameness, thrombocytopenia

A

Anaplasma phagocytophilum

247
Q

Transient “blue eye” (Corneal opacity)

A

Assoc with Canine infectious hepatitis (Canine adenovirus 1)

248
Q

PT, aPTT (Normal), BMBT (Prolonged), Platelets count(low)

A

Immune mediated thrombocytopenia

249
Q

Young, growing, or large breed dog with bilateral metaphyseal pain, swelling in distal radius/ ulna

A

Hypertrophic osteodystrophy

Extra practice NAVLE (18 decks)

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