calcium channel blockers

Question 1

what are the 2 di-hydropyriadines? and their fucntion?

Answer 1

Vilpremil
diltiazem

Question 2

**differece **between non- dihydropuyidines and what are the dihydropyriadines?

Answer 2

The dihydropyridines are more vascular selective and the non-dihydropyridines are more myocardial selective and tend to reduce the heart rate.

Question 3

what are the 6 types of dihydropyradines

Answer 3

AMOLODIPINE
FELODAPINE
LERCANDIPINE
NIFEDAPINE
CLEVIDAPINE

Question 4

adverse effect for non-dyhydropuradine

Answer 4

consipation
decreased contractility
can slown HR
(avoid in paitent w reduced ejection fraction and or heartfailure

(cardiac depression)

Question 5

side effects/Adverse effects of diHydropyradine

Answer 5

palpitations, low blood pressure,

reflext cardiac

Question 6

Which calcium channel blocker is the most cardio-selective?

Answer 6

Verapamil

Question 7

What is the ultimate function of calcium channel blockers?

Answer 7

To decrease cardiac and smooth muscle contractility

Question 8

list info about ccb and the two types and MOA

Answer 8

CCB’s (mostly are -pine)
Name: Calcium channel blockers (CCB’s)
Indication:
- Hypertension
- Angina
Mechanism of action:
- Block inward movement of calcium into the heart and vascular smooth muscle (L-type calcium channels)
Types:
1. Dyhydropyridines
2. Non-dihydropyridines
Contraindications:
- Do not use in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Verapamil and diltiazem contraindicated.
Pregnancy
- Need specialist advice
Breastfeeding:
- Most appear safe but lack safety data

Question 9

MOA OF CCB

Answer 9

Mechanism of action:
- Block inward movement of calcium into the heart and vascular smooth muscle (L-type calcium channels)

Question 10

6 CCB DIHYDROPURADINES

Answer 10

Dyhydropyridines (-pine)
preferred treatment for HTN
Mechanism of action:
- Causes vasodilation in peripheral blood vessels, helping to lower BP
Examples:
- Amlodipine
- Clevidipine
- Felodipine
- Lercanidipine
- Nifedipine
- Nimodipine
Adverse effects:
1. Vasodilatory effects
- Headache, dizziness flushing
- Peripheral oedema (not improved by loop diuretics)
- Dose dependent
2. Reflex cardiac events
- Palpitations, tachycardia, chest pain
- Associated with BP lowering and short acting CCB’s

Non-dihydropyridines

Question 11

NON DIHYDROPURADINES

Answer 11

Non-dihydropyridines

**Mechanism of action:

• Reduce HR and contractility, while having a lower peripheral vasodilation effect

Benzothiazipine
- Diltiazem
- Large vasodilation effect, less reduced in HR and contractility
Phenylalkylamine
- Verapamil
- Greatest effects on HR and contractility, less on peripheral vasodilation

Adverse effects:
1. Constipation
2. Cardiac depression
- Slow HR (bradycardia), worsened cardiac output
- Decreased contractility and conduction