Burns and dermatitis

Question 1

Minor burns pathophysiology

Answer 1

-superficial(1st degree)
-superficial partial thickness(2nd)
-deep partial thickness
-full thickness(3rd)

Question 2

Non pharma minor burns

Answer 2

-cool moisture
-cleansing
-protect the area(non adherent dressing): plastic wrap, sterile gauze, Tegaderm, Duoderm

Question 3

How to use topical anesthetics for minor burns?

Answer 3

-apply to small area 3-4x/daily
-higher concentrations on intact skin only
-onset withing 15-45 min
-may cause hypersensitivity

Question 4

product selection for minor burns

Answer 4

-ointment: intact skin
-cream: minorly broken skin
-lotions and solutions: minorly broken skin, large burn areas
-aerosols: large painful burn areas

Question 5

referral for minor burns

Answer 5

-moderate to severe burns
-deep/full thickness
- >2% BSA involvement
-eyes, ears, face, hands, feet, joint, genitals, perineum
-chemical, electrical, inhalation burns
-elderly, diabetic, immunocompromised
-doesn’t heal withing 5 days
-infection

Question 6

Allergic Contact Dermatitis pathophysiology

Answer 6

-type IV delayed hypersensitivity reaction to urushiol
-occurs within 24-48 hours
-rash last 1-4 weeks

Question 7

How to prevent Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Answer 7

-avoid plant
-ivy block(15 min before exposure, repeat every 4 hours)
-protective clothing

Question 8

Non pharma for Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Answer 8

-wash with mild soap and cool water immediately(within 5-10 min)
-no scrubbing
-trim fingernails
-wash exposed clothing, tools, pets

Question 9

OTC treatments for Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Answer 9

-zanfel(binds to urushiol to prevent binding to skin/rash)
-hydrocortisone(1st line)
topical anesthetics(2nd line)
-astringents(promote drying of wet/oozing dermatitis)

Question 10

Referral for Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Answer 10

-symptoms worsen
-widespread rash
-large areas of face or other sensitive areas
-infection
not resolved after 3+ weeks

Question 11

Non pharma Diaper dermatitis

Answer 11

-increase diaper changes
-not wiping infant with dirty diaper
-chemically bland baby wipes/soap
-hypoallergenic detergent
-dry thourly after changing/bathing

Question 12

OTC treatments for Diaper dermatitis

Answer 12

-skin protectants
-antifungals
-topical corticosteroids(PCP reccomend)

Question 13

What to avoid while treating Diaper dermatitis

Answer 13

-boric acid and baking soda(irritants and toxicity from absorption)
-external analgesics(alter sensory perception, slow healing, methemoglobinemia concern)

Question 14

When to refer Diaper dermatitis

Answer 14

-no improvement after 5-7 days
-nausea, fever, vomiting, diarrhea
-candida infection
skin ruptures or pus forms
-pain on urination or defecation
-incessant crying
-concurrent dermatitis
-recurrent rash