vitamins and minerals

Question 1

vitamin A

Answer 1

Vision, bones, immune system, cell division

Question 2

Vitamin D

Answer 2

Calcium balance, bone structure

Question 3

Vitamin E

Answer 3

Antioxidant, protects cell membranes

Question 4

Vitamin K

Answer 4

Synthesis of clotting factors II/VII/IX/X
and proteins C and S; bones

Question 5

B1(Thiamine)

Answer 5

Cofactor for metabolism, myocardial function, nerve cell function, carbohydrate
metabolism

Question 6

B2(riboflavin)

Answer 6

Cellular growth and maintenance of vision, integrity of cell membranes,
reduction/oxidation reactions (P450)

Question 7

B3(niacin)

Answer 7

Cofactor for NADP reactions
(ex: fatty acid, protein, and steroid production)

Question 8

B5

Answer 8

Precursor of coenzyme A
(cholesterol, steroid, fatty acid synthesis)

Question 9

B6(pyridoxine)

Answer 9

Formation of proteins, amino acids, and neurotransmitters

Question 10

B9(folate)

Answer 10

Cell division, DNA production, brain/spinal cord development

Question 11

B12(cyanobalmin)

Answer 11

RBC and DNA synthesis cofactor, neurologic function

Question 12

vitamin C

Answer 12

Antioxidant and cofactor for collagen and prostaglandin metabolism; reduces
ferric iron to ferrous iron

Question 13

iron

Answer 13

Oxygen & electron transport

Question 14

magnesium

Answer 14

Bone formation, enzyme function (protein synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism),
maintenance of nerve and muscle electrophysiology, potassium transport

Question 15

phosphoros

Answer 15

Bone structure, phospholipids, DNA/RNA, ATP, buffer system

Question 16

calcium

Answer 16

Activates enzymes for acetylcholine synthesis, cell membrane integrity & function, muscle function, activates clotting factors, major component of bones
and teeth

Question 17

calcium and (iron, zinc, and magnesium)

Answer 17

Calcium prevents nutrient absorption → Separate dosing by at
least 2 hours

Question 18

calcium and H2 blockers/PPIs

Answer 18

Decreased absorption of certain salt formulations
-consider switch to calcium citrate

Question 19

calcium and levothyroxine/tetracycline antibiotics

Answer 19

Co-administration decreases levothyroxine absorption so
separate dosing by 4 hours

Question 20

iron/magnesium and Levothyroxine, tetracycline and
fluoroquinolone antibiotics

Answer 20

separate dosing by 2 hours