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WSET3 > Burgundy & Beaujolais > Flashcards

Burgundy & Beaujolais Flashcards

1
Q

what is the climate in Burgundy

A

Cool continental in the north to moderate continental in the south

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2
Q

what are the weather hazards in Chablis

A

Late spring frosts, summer hail storms and rainfall which can disrupt flowering and bud break ( rain is an issue across all of Burgundy ). Rain also causes an issue with rot. Pinot is esp susceptible

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3
Q

What are the prevailing winds in Burgundy…..which vineyards are therefore protected

A

Westerly. South and East facing vineyards are protected

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4
Q

Where are the village level vineyards typically located

A

On the flat lands or at the bottom of slopes

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5
Q

Where are the premier and grand cru vineyards typically situated. What is the advantage of this

A

Mid slope. Better drainage and less frost

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6
Q

What can be said about the soils on slopes vs soil on flat lands

A

Soil on slopes is more shallow and better draining. Soil on flats is deeper and more fertile

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7
Q

In addition to Chardonnay and Pinot what other grapes are also grown

A

Aligote and Gamay

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8
Q

What is the typical flavor profile of red Burgundy

A

red fruit flavors in youth developing into game, earth and mushroom with age. High acid, low to med tannin

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9
Q

Appox what percentage of Burgundy is planted with Pinot …Chardonnay

A

33% and 50% respectively

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10
Q

How long are the best wines matured in oak typically

A

16 - 18 months with at least a proportion being in new oak

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11
Q

How does the flavor profile of Chardonnay vary across Burgundy

A

Chablis - lean steely, high acid.
Cote D’Or - complex and expressive, stone fruit and oak
Macon - full bodied, riper, tropical fruit

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12
Q

How long are the best Chardonnays from Cote D’Or aged in oak

A

6 - 9 months

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13
Q

What are the winemaking techniques pioneered by white burgundy makers

A

Barrel fermentation, barrel maturation, use of lees, lees stirring and MLF

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14
Q

How long can the best Burgundy Chardonnays age in the bottle

A

A decade or more

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15
Q

What type of trellising is common in Burgundy

A

Vertical shoot positioning

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16
Q

What is the french for stones

A

Perrier

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17
Q

What problem did burgundy chardonnays start experiencing around 15 years ago

A

Premox

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18
Q

Describe wine made from Aligote. Why is it rare to find high quality ones

A

Dry high acid white with neutral flavors Needs a premium site to achieve full ripeness but such places are reserved for more profitable pinot and chardonnay

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19
Q

Describe Burgundian Gamays

A

Red fruit, early drinking with low tannin

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20
Q

List the major Burgundy regions from N to S

A

Chablis, Cote de Niut, Cote de Beaune, Cote Chalonnaise, Maconnaise

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21
Q

What grapes are permitted in Chablis

A

Chardonnay only

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22
Q

In what valley is Chablis located

A

Valley of the river Serein

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23
Q

Where are the best Chablis vineyards. What are the lesser vineyards known as

A

On south facing slopes. Petit Chablis

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24
Q

What is the major climatic problem in Chablis. What is used to combat it

A

Frost. Sprinklers and heaters

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25
Q

Is Gamay allowed in village level wine

A

No only in regional appellations

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26
Q

Where is basic village level Chablis grown

A

North facing slopes an flatter land

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27
Q

What can be said about the fruit character of Chablis between basic and high quality examples

A

The fruit is green fruit and high acid but the fruit is riper in high quality Chablis which also shows more citrus than green apple

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28
Q

Does Chablis see new oak

A

Not generally. Some 1er and Grand Crus are aged in old oak

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29
Q

What is the name of the geographic feature that runs along the western limit of the Cote D Or providing east and south easterly facing slopes

A

Massif Central

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30
Q

Compare the red wines produced in Cote de Nuit and Cote de Beaune

A

CDN are full bodied and long lived. CDB are lighter and more fruity

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31
Q

What is the split of white and red grand cru vineyards between CDN and CDB

A

All but one of the whites is in CDB. All but one of the reds are in CDN

32
Q

From N to S name the 11 villages of Cote D Or

A

Gevrey Chambertain, Vougeot, Vosne Romanee, Nuits St George, Aloxe Corton, Beaune, Pommard, Volnay, Mersault, Puligny Montrachet, Chassagne Montrachet

33
Q

Described the lowest appellation level of Burgundy

A

Regional ( Bourgoine Rouge and Blanc ), Bourgoine Hautes Cotes de Nuits, Bourgoigne Hautes Cotes de Beaune and Bourgiogne Cote Chalonnaise. Macon ( reds only ), Macon Villages ( whites only )

34
Q

Described the second from bottom appellation level of Burgundy. Give 2 examples

A

Commune or Village. Chablis, Gevrey Chambertain

35
Q

Approx what percentage of Burgundy production comes from regional, village and 1er cru and Grand cru appellations

A

50%, 33%, 10%, 1%

36
Q

What is the name given to a Burgundy vineyard with a single owner

A

Monopole

37
Q

Roughly how many 1er and Grand crus are there

A

600+ / 33 ( = 1 in Chablls )

38
Q

If the wine comes from a 1er cru or Grand cru single vineyard what will appear on the label

A

Grand / Premier Cru and the vineyard name. Grand Cru does not show the village

39
Q

Can the name of the vineyard appear on the label of a wine which is not cru status

A

Yes if the it is a single vineyard village wine

40
Q

When does the vineyard NOT appear on a 1er cru wine

A

If the wine is blended from grapes sources from more than one 1er cru vineyard in the same village

41
Q

What are the grand cru sites of Gevrey Chambertin

A

Chambertin, Chambertin Clos de Beze

42
Q

Grand cru sites of Vougeot and Vosne Romanee

A

Clos de Vougeot, Romanee Conti, La Tache and La Romanee

43
Q

Grand cru sites of Nuit St George

A

There are none

44
Q

Grand Cru sites of Aloxe Corton

A

Corton, Corton Charlemagne

45
Q

Grand Cru sites of Beaune, Pommard, Volnay, Meursault

A

There are none

46
Q

Grand Cru sites of Puligny Montrachet and Chassagne Montrachet

A

Montrachet

47
Q

which of the grand crus produce red or white wine

A

All except Volnay and Pommard produce both…these 2 are red only

48
Q

what 3 villages have the best reputation for whites

A

Mersault, Puligny Montrachet, Chassagne Montrachet

49
Q

How is a red or white wine from Cote de Nuit labelled if it is not from a famous village appellation

A

Cotes de Nuit Village

50
Q

What can be deduced about a wine labelled as Cote de Beaune Village

A

It MUST be red. It came from one or a combination of villages of the Cote de Beaune

51
Q

Where are the regional appellations of Bourgoigne Hautes Cote de Nuit and Beaune. How could their wine be described

A

To the W and at a higher elevation with greater exposure to winds. Wines have slightly less body and concentration

52
Q

Describe the vineyards of the Chalonnaise compared to Cote D Or. What is the effect on the wines

A

Further south and at a higher elevation. Aspect is less consistently towards the east. Grapes ripen later and less consistently so the wines are lighter and mature earlier

53
Q

What are the 4 village appellations of Chalonnaise

A

Rully, Mercurey, Givry and Montagny

54
Q

What sort of wines do the 4 Chalonnaise village appellations produce

A

Rully ( more white than red - also sparkling)
Mercurey ( best reputation for red )
Givry ( reds are admired )
Montagny ( whites only )

55
Q

Are there any 1er or G cru sites in the Chalonnaise

A

All 4 village appellations have 1er cru sites but no Grand Cru

56
Q

What is the regional appellation of the Chalonnaise …it is for red or white wine

A

Bourgogne Cote De Chalonnaise. Both red and white

57
Q

What grapes are grown in the Maconnaise

A

Gamay, some Pinot and Chardonnay

58
Q

What is the regional appellation for the Maconnaise. Describe typical reds and whites

A

Macon. Reds are light fruity and early drinking. Whites have good balance of fresh apple, citrus fruit, med acid and med to full body sometimes with creaminess from MLF

59
Q

What are wines labelled Macon Village or Macon followed by the name of a village. Give 3 examples

A

ONLY white wines. Lugny, Pouilly Fuisse and Sant Veran

60
Q

How do the white wines of Macon compare with Macon Village

A

Similar but less ripe with less body and character

61
Q

Describe the wines from Pouilly Fuisse and Sant Veran. Describe where they are grown

A

Tropical and Stone fruit. Matured in barrel giving toasty oak flavors. Grown on the S and SE facing limestone slopes of the Roche de Solutre

62
Q

How is the appellation named for a grand cru vineyard. Give an example

A

The name of the village where they GC vineyard is located. Appellation Gevrey Chambertin Controlee

63
Q

Does Beaujolais produce red or white wines

A

Both but reds dominate

64
Q

When does Gamay bud / ripen

A

Early bud / early ripen

65
Q

What kind of soil yields the best Beaujolais wines …why is this

A

Granite soils. Gamay grows voraciously and if not controlled will produce very high yields of low quality. The granite soils are low in nutrients so limit yields naturally.

66
Q

What is the typical method of pruning in Beaujolais. Describe it

A

Gobelet. Head trained, spur pruned with the shoots tied together holding them vertically.

67
Q

What are the typical flavors of Beaujolais

A

red cherry and raspberry, Med tannin and body. Often notes of kirsch, banana and cinamon like spice from carbonic or semi carbonic maceration

68
Q

What is the appellation hierarchy in Beaujolais

A

Regional, Beaujolais Village, Cru Beaujolais

69
Q

Where is the appellation of Beaujolais

A

the alluvial plane of the River Saone

70
Q

What is Beaujolais Nouveau

A

Made specifically for early drinking it is released on the 3rd thurs in Nov after the harvest and cannot be sold after 31 Aug the following year

71
Q

Can cru Beaujolais be sold as Nouveau

A

No

72
Q

How many villages can use the term Beaujolais Village . Where is the appellation in the region

A
  1. In the rolling hills to the N and W of the region
73
Q

How many Crus - name 4

A
  1. Cote de Brouilly, Brouilly, Fleurie, Morgon, Moulin a vent
74
Q

Described the cru wines from 4 places

A

Moulin a Vent and Morgon are more tannic with concentrated fruit. Can be aged. Brouilly and Fleurie are lighter and more perfumed

75
Q

Do cru Beaujolais see oak

A

Many do but not new oak. Larger old barrels are typically used,

76
Q

Why are many Beaujolais fermented by carbonic maceration

A

To impart a greater fresh fruit flavor

WSET3 (25 decks)

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