Building construction 2 concepts Flashcards

1
Q

external and internal forces are called

A

external-load

internal-stress and strain

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2
Q

stress define

A

force per unit area that produces deformation

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3
Q

strain define

A

% of elongation that occures when a material is stressed

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4
Q

four types of forces

A

compression
tension
torsion
shear

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5
Q

compressive vs tensile vs torsional vs shear

A

squeeze
stretch
twisting
opposing forces pull opposite directions

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6
Q

fire resistance is closely related to

A

mass

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7
Q

shear walls resist

A

lateral loads

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8
Q

classifications of load

A

axial

eccentric

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9
Q

axial load is

A

force passes through center of section. perpendicular to the plane. applied evenly

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10
Q

eccentric load

A

perpendicular but not pass through center. bending support members

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11
Q

IF design load is 1/10 of tested strength, the safety factor is? what if 1/2?

A

10/2

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12
Q

a bent beam has what two forces

A

compression top and tension bottom

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13
Q

capacity increases by the

A

square of its depth and in direct proportion to width

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14
Q

beams simple vs continuous

A

simple 2 points

cont 3 or more points

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15
Q

fixed beam

A

supported and rigidly fixed two points

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16
Q

bracket

A

diagonal support

17
Q

joist

A

beam of wood or steel

18
Q

girder

A

beam that support other beams

19
Q

lintel

A

spans opening masonry wall

20
Q

grillage

A

series closely spaced beams to carry heavy load

21
Q

cantilever

A

rigid support one end

22
Q

suspended beam

A

simple with one or both ends suspended on a tension member

23
Q

transfer beam

A

moves load laterally

24
Q

distribution of loads on a beam

A

8 units
4 concentrated center
2 on cantilever
1 end of unsupported end cantilever

25
trusses only support
axial loads
26
the economy fo a truss is it
separates compressive and tensile stresses
27
components of trusses
chords-top and bottom members | web-struts, ties, and panel points
28
struts, ties, and panel joints (parts of truss)
struts-compressive connecting members ties-tensile connecting members panel joints-connections
29
columns lose strength by
the square of the change of length. (12 foot carry 1/4 of 6 foot)
30
3 types steel columns
H box cylindrical
31
types of column failures
short, squat-crush | long, slender-buckling
32
whats the column law
eulers law of columns
33
temporary bracing in incomplete structures
guy bracing
34
three types non load bearing walls
veneer panel (curtain) partition
35
what is a cross wall
right angle to another wall
36
two types glass walls
panel-one story | curtain-more than one story
37
party wall
load bearing wall common to two structures
38
failed connections masnory walls
shift outward