Brain regions Flashcards
What do orbitofrontal lobe lesions cause?
Pt to appear profane irritable and irresponsible.
Medial frontal lesions cause what?
Apathy, characterized by limited spontaneous movement, gesture and speech
Left frontal lesions can cause what?
Depression
Right frontal lesions can cause what?
Mania
What brain changes do you see in autopsy of Wernicke’s encephalopathy?
Microhemorrhages in the periventricular gray matter, particularly around the aqueduct and third and forth ventricles
What neurpathologic abnormalities accompany schizophrenia?
Enlargement of Lateral ventricles
- other affected areas include the thalamus and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
What type of electrolyte abnormality can anorexics develop?
hypokalemic hypochloremic alkalosis
Do you have impairment of daily functioning in delusional disorder?
No
Delusions can be persecutory, grandiose, erotic, jealous, somatic, or mixed. can be bizarre or nonbizarre
treatment: antipsychotic w/ therapy
What does damage to the dorsolateral frontal regions lead to?
Extensive executive functioning deficits
Primary auditory cortex
superior temporal gyrus (heschl’s gyrus) in both temporal lobs
thalamus
relay station for much of the sensory input to the brain
lacunar thalamic infarct
pure sensory stroke (contralateral to the lesion)
Internal capsule +thalamus
sensorimotor stroke
Thalamic lesions can cause central thalamic pain disoder?
contralateral to the lesion and usually in the exremities or face
Parinaud’s syndrome
midbrain lesion-posterior cerebral artery
-spranuclear paresis of eye elevation, eyelid retraction, skew deviation of the eyes, deflective convergence and convergence-retraction nystagmus, light-near dissociation
cerebellar hemisphere lesion
ipslateral limb
amygdala
recall of emotional contexts of specific events
declearative or episodic memory requires the intact functioning of waht?
hippocampus and parahippocampal areas (neucleus basalis of meynert) of the medial temporal lobe for storage and retrevial of infomation
thalamus gets blood supply from where
posterior cerebral arteries
mesocortical pathway
negative symptoms
begins in the ventral tegmental and extends to the frontal lobes
tubuloinfundibular pathway
from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary
nigrostriatal
substantia nigra to the basal ganglia
mesocortical
ventral tegmental to the frontal cortex and is involved with negative symptoms of schizophrenia
mesolimbic
ventral tegmental area to the nucleus accumbens
- positive symptoms
