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Neurology > Brain lobes and lesions > Flashcards

Brain lobes and lesions Flashcards

1
Q

What are the five lobes of the brain?

A 
Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital
Insula
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2
Q

Where is the frontal lobe situated?

A

Anterior of central sulcus and superior to lateral sulcus

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3
Q

Where is the parietal lobe situated?

A

Posterior to central sulcus, superior to lateral sulcus and anterior to parieto-occipital sulcus.

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4
Q

Where is the temporal lobe situated?

A

Inferior to lateral sulcus

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5
Q

Where is the occipital lobe situated?

A

Posterior to parieto-occipital sulcus.

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6
Q

Where is the insula lobe located?

A

Behind the parietal and frontal lobes.

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7
Q

What does the frontal lobe do?

A 
Thinking
Planning/organisation
Problem solving
Personality
Emotions
Behaviour control
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8
Q

What are two special areas of the frontal lobe?

A

Primary motor cortex

Broca’s area

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9
Q

What can a lesion to the frontal lobe cause?

A

Intellect impairment
Personality changes
Urinary incontinence
Patrial seizures

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10
Q

What does Broca’s area do?

A

Production of speech

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11
Q

What can a lesion to Broca’s area do?

A

Can comprehend speech but cannot produce it.

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12
Q

What does the primary motor cortex do?

A

Initiation of movement

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13
Q

What can a lesion of the primary motor cortex cause?

A

Paresis

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14
Q

What does the parietal lobe do?

A

Perception/making sense of the world
Arithmetic
Spelling

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15
Q

What can a lesion to the parietal lobe cause?

A

Contralateral sensory loss
Agraphestesia
Homonymus field defect
Partial sensory seizures of contralateral limb

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16
Q

What is an important area of the parietal lobe?

A

Primary somatosensory cortex

17
Q

What does a lesion to the primary somatosensory cortex cause?

A

Contralateral sensory loss

18
Q

What can a lesion to the left parietal lobe specifically cause?

A

Limb apraxia

19
Q

What can a lesion to the right parietal lobe specifically cause?

A

Dressing apraxia

Failure to recognise faces

20
Q

What does the occipital lobe do?

A

Vision

21
Q

What can a lesion to the occipital lobe cause?

A

Visual field disturbances

Visuospatial disturbances

22
Q

What can a lesion to the parieto-occipital junction cause?

A

Crude visual hallucinations (see shapes in part of visual field)

23
Q

What does the temporal lobe do?

A

Memory and understanding

24
Q

What can lesions to the temporal lobe cause?

A

Formed visual hallucinations
Complex partial seizures
Memory disturbances

25
Q

What are two special areas of the temporal lobe?

A

Primary auditory cortex

Wernicke’s area

26
Q

What does Wernicke’s area do?

A

Comprehension of speech

27
Q

What does a lesion to Wernicke’s area cause?

A

Fluent but incomprehensible speech

28
Q

What does the cerebellum do?

A

Coordination of movement

29
Q

What does the brain stem do?

A

Control HR and breathing

Neurology (30 decks)

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