Anatomy

Question 1

What are the two components of the NS?

Answer 1

CNS

PNS

Question 2

What makes up the CNS?

Answer 2

Brain
Brain stem (BS)
Spinal cord (SC)

Question 3

What are the three main components of the brain?

Answer 3

Cerebral hemispheres
Thalamus
Hypothalamus

Question 4

What makes up the BS?

Answer 4

Midbrain, Pons, Cerebellum and Medulla Oblongata

Question 5

What are the valleys and bumps of the cerebral hemispheres called?

Answer 5

Lumps- Gyri

Valley nail depth- Fissure

Question 6

What makes up white matter?

Answer 6

Axons

Question 7

What makes up grey matter?

Answer 7

Soma

Question 8

How is white and grey matter orientated in the CH?

Answer 8

Grey superficial and white deep

Question 9

How is white and grey matter orientated in the SC?

Answer 9

Grey forms H inside ring of white

Question 10

What are some important surface anatomy features of the brain?

Answer 10

Longitudinal fissure
Central sulcus
Precentral gyrus
Postcentral gyrus
Lateral fissure

Question 11

What links the two hemispheres of the cerebrum?

Answer 11

Corpus callosum

Question 12

How many lobes make up the cerebrum?

Answer 12

10:
2x frontal
2x parietal
2x temporal
2x occipital
2x insular

Question 13

How many ventricles are there in the brain?

Answer 13

4:
2x lateral
3rd (both lateral drain into this midline structure)
4th

Question 14

What separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe?

Answer 14

Central sulcus down to corpus callosum and lateral fissure

Question 15

What separates the parietal lobe from the three other lobes?

Answer 15

Frontal- Central sulcus
Temporal- Lateral fissure to parietal-occipital sulcus
Occipital- Parietal-occipital sulcus

Question 16

What separates the occipital lobe from the parietal and temporal lobes?

Answer 16

Preoccipital notch and Parietal-occipital sulcus

Question 17

What covers the brain?

Answer 17

Meningies

Question 18

What are the three layers of the meninges?

Answer 18

Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater

Question 19

Describe the dura mater

Answer 19

Tough outer layer
Periosteum of skull
Closely associated with arachnoid

Question 20

Describe the arachnoid mater

Answer 20

Closely associated with the dura with projections down to pia mater.
Forms subarachnoid space where CSF flows

Question 21

Describe the pia mater

Answer 21

Shrink Wraps the brain and gives it a shiny appearance

Question 22

What are the five layers of the scalp?

Answer 22

Skin
Connective tissue- contained named arteries
Aponeurosis
Loose connective tissue
Pericranium

Question 23

How many bones make up the neurocranium?

Answer 23

8:
Occipital
2x Temporal
2x Parietal
Frontal
Sphenoid
Ethmoid

Question 24

What are the eight bones of the neurocranium?

Answer 24

Occipital
2x Temporal
2x Parietal
Frontal
Sphenoid
Ethmoid

Question 25

What links bones of the neurocranium?

Answer 25

Sutures

Question 26

What kind of joins are sutures?

Answer 26

FIbrous

Question 27

What are the two main sutures in the neurocranium?

Answer 27

``` Coronal suture (frontal to parietals) Sagittal suture (longitudinally to like parietals) ```

Question 28

Where do four bones join?

Answer 28

Pterion

Question 29

Which bones join at the pterion?

Answer 29

Frontal Parietal Temporal Sphenoid

Question 30

Which artery runs deep to the pterion?

Answer 30

Middle meningeal artery

Question 31

What is a prominent feature of the arachnoid mater?

Answer 31

Arachnoid granulations- reabsorb CSF

Question 32

What do arachnoid granulations do?

Answer 32

Reabsorb CSF

Question 33

What two major structures does the dura mater form?

Answer 33

Tentorium cerebelli- separates cerebral hemispheres from cerebellum Falx cerebri- Core of longitudinal fissure to separate cerebral hemispheres

Question 34

Where is CSF produced?

Answer 34

Lining of ventricles

Question 35

WHat produces CSF?

Answer 35

Choroid plexus

Question 36

How much CSF is produced daily?

Answer 36

400-500ml

Question 37

Describe the flow of CSF

Answer 37

Lateral ventricles -> 3rd ventricle -> 4th ventricle -> Central spinal canal (little) and subarachnoid space (most)

Question 38

What links the 3rd and 4th ventricles?

Answer 38

Cerebral aqueduct

Question 39

Where does the subarachnoid space end?

Answer 39

S2

Question 40

What links the lateral ventricles with the 3rd ventricle?

Answer 40

Foramen of Munro