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Neuro > Brain > Flashcards

Brain Flashcards

1
Q

What is included in the CNS ?

A

Central nervous system (CNS) – Consisting of the brain and spinal cord

CONTROLS EVERYTHING WITHIN THE BODY.

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2
Q

What is included within the PNS ?

A

Peripheral nervous system (PNS) – The remainder of the nervous system outside of the CNS.
Cranial nerves and spinal nerves.

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3
Q

What can the brain be divided into ?

A

Forebrain
Midbrain
Hindbrain

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4
Q

What is included in the forebrain?

What is its role?

A

The forebrain comprises of the:

Cerebrum – Executive decisions, intellectual functions, memory storage and processing, and initiation and coordination of movement

Diencephalon – Composed of the thalamus, hypothalamus, pituitary gland and others

Thalamus – Relay and processing centre for sensory data

Hypothalamus – Controls emotions and the production of hormones

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5
Q

What is included in the Midbrain?

What is its role?

A

The midbrain is an important relay centre in the auditory and visual pathways and serves important functions in motor movement, particularly control of eye movements.

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6
Q

What is included in the Hindbrain ?

What is its role?

A

The hindbrain includes the:

Cerebellum – Helps maintain posture, balance, and equilibrium

Pons and Medulla oblongata – Both an important relay centre for information travelling between the spinal cord and the cerebrum and cerebellum and contain autonomic centres for the regulation of visceral functions

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7
Q

What does Cranial mean ?

A

Cranial – Towards the head

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8
Q

What does Caudal mean ?

A

Caudal – Towards the tail

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9
Q

What does Dorsal mean ?

A

Dorsal – Back (often posterior or superior)

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10
Q

What does ventral mean ?

A

Ventral – Front (often anterior or inferior)

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11
Q

What are the lobes of the brain ?

A
  • Frontal
    -Parietal
  • Temporal
  • Occipital
  • Cerebellum

Follows similar to the bones

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12
Q

What is the structure that binds together the two hemispheres of the brain?

A

Corpus Callosum

(Green part)

THE ONLY PART OF THE BRAIN THAT CONNECTS.

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13
Q

What is the medical terminology for the folds on the brain?

What are the drips called?

A

1- Gyri

2- Sulci

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14
Q

What is the insula ?

A

There is also an area of the cortex called the insula, which can be found by prying the temporal, frontal, and parietal lobes apart.

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15
Q

Why does the cerebellum have more neutrons than the cerebral cortex?

A

It has more advanced roles eg balance etc

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16
Q

Which part of the brain has the most neuron’s?

A

Cerebellum

17
Q

What is included within the frontal lobe and its function ?

A

MOTOR !!

The frontal lobe consists of mainly motor areas, with functions such as:

Primary motor cortex – Involved in the initiation of voluntary movement.

Premotor and supplementary motor areas – Planning and initiation of voluntary movements.

Motor speech area (Broca’s, expressive) - Production (motor aspects) of written and spoken language.

Prefrontal cortex – Involved with what are often referred to as executive functions, or, very generally, personality, insight, and foresight.

18
Q

What is included within the Parietal lobe and its function?

A

SENSORY !!

Postcentral gyrus corresponds to primary somatosensory cortex – Concerned with the initial cortical processing of tactile and proprioceptive (sense of position) information; more specifically, it deals with sensory localisation.

Comprehension of language.

Aids with complex aspects of spatial orientation and directing attention.

19
Q

What is included within the Temporal lobe and its function?

A

AUDITORY

The primary auditory cortex is part of the superior surface of the temporal lobe, continuing as a small area of the superior temporal gyrus.

Sensory speech area (Wernicke’s, receptive) – Important in language comprehension.

Involved in higher-order processing of visual information.

Involved in complex aspects of learning and memory.

20
Q

What is included within the Occipital and its function?

A

VISUAL

Primary visual cortex

Visual association cortex – Involved in higher order processing of visual information

21
Q

What is included within the Limbic Lobe and its function?

A

A lobe within the brain that is part of the limbic system.

Important in emotional responses, drive-related behaviour, and memory.

22
Q

Difference between cerebrum and cerebellum

A
23
Q

What is the cerebellum function

A

BALANCE

Neuro (31 decks)

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