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INTRODUCTORY AND CERTIFIED OF CMS EXAMINATION > BORDEAUX > Flashcards

BORDEAUX Flashcards

1
Q

What is Bordeaux climate?

A
  • Moderate-Maritime
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2
Q

What is the term for Red Bordeaux Wines known in English-speaking countries?

A
  • Claret
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3
Q

What type of vats are used for Red Bordeaux fermentations ?

A
  • Vats made of stainless steel or wood and then run off into barrels called barriques (225L) usually made of French Limousin oak.
  • Between 20-50% of the barrels are new.
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4
Q

What are the climate moderators of Bordeaux?

A
  • Atlantic Ocean (West)
  • Varios Rivers (Gironde Estuary, Dordogne and Garonne River)
  • Pine Forest-La Foret des Landes (South), protects Bordeaux from strong, salt-bearing winds coming off the Atlantic Ocean, although there is a risk of still winter air getting trapped and bringing frost to the Bordelais vineyards.
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5
Q

What is the most planted red grape variety of Bordeaux?

A
  • Merlot (accounting 65% of the plantings)
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6
Q

What are the grape varieties for Bordeaux white wines?

A

Usually a blend of:

  • Semillon
  • Sauvignon Blanc
  • Muscadelle
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7
Q

What is the main soil of Médoc (Left Bank)?

A
  • Alluvial Gravels, well-drained, light-reflective soils which resulted are ideal for growing slow-ripening red wine grapes (Cab. Sauvignon, Petit Verdot)
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8
Q

Name the Médoc sub-regions:

A
  • Saint-Estephe
  • Pauillac
  • Saint-Julien
  • Listrac
  • Moulis
  • Margaux
  • Haut-Médoc
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9
Q

What is the dominant grape variety of the Médoc?

A
  • Cabernet Sauvignon
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10
Q
  • What blend is often referred to as Bordeaux blend?
A
  • Cab. Sauvignon
  • Cabernet Franc
  • Merlot
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11
Q

When was the Classification of the Medóc created and by whose request?

A
  • 1855 -(Modified in 1973 promotion of Chateau Mouton Rothschild to Premier Cru status )
  • Requested by Napoleon III
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12
Q

When was the Cru Bourgeois Classification initiated?

A
  • 2003 - Modified/Revised in 2020
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13
Q

Name the list of 1st Classified Growths from the Médoc:

A

First Growths (Premiers Crus)

  • Château Lafite Rothschild, Pauillac
  • Château Latour, Pauillac
  • Château Margaux, Margaux (Margaux)
  • Château Haut-Brion, Graves
  • Château Mouton Rothschild, Pauillac: Originally classified as a second growth, the estate was elevated in 1973.
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14
Q

Name the list of 3rd Classified Growths from the Médoc:

A

Third Growths (Troisièmes Crus)

  • Château Calon-Ségur, Saint-Estèphe
  • Château Lagrange, Saint-Julien
  • Château Langoa Barton, Saint-Julien
  • Château Malescot-Saint-Exupéry, Margaux
  • Château Desmirail, Margaux (Cantenac)
  • Château Ferrière, Margaux (Margaux)
  • Château Marquis d’Alesme Becker, Margaux (Margaux)
  • Château Kirwan, Margaux (Cantenac)
  • Château d’Issan, Margaux (Cantenac)
  • Château Boyd-Cantenac, Margaux (Cantenac)
  • Château Cantenac-Brown, Margaux (Cantenac)
  • Château Palmer, Margaux (Cantenac)
  • Château Giscours, Margaux (Labarde)
  • Château La Lagune, Haut-Medoc (Ludon)
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15
Q

When was Cru Artisan Classification initiated?

A
  • 2002- Revised in 2012
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16
Q

What is the Second Label of Château Mouton Rothschild?

A
  • Le Petit Mouton de Mouton Rothschild
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17
Q

What is the second label of Château Latour?

A
  • Le Forts de Latour
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18
Q

What is the second label of Château Lafite-Rothschild?

A
  • Carruades de Lafite
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19
Q

What is the second label of Château Haut-Brion?

A
  • Le Clarence de Haut-Brion
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20
Q

What is the second label of Château Margaux?

A
  • Pavillon Rouge de Château Margaux
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21
Q

What is the second label of Château Rauzan-Ségla?

A
  • SÉGLA
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22
Q

What is the second label of Château Palmer?

A
  • Alter Ego
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23
Q

When was the Classification of Graves created?

A
  • 1953 modified in 1959
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24
Q

What is the soil of Graves?

A
  • Gravels
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25
Q

What are the grape varietals in Graves?

A

Red blends:

  • Cabernet Sauvignon
  • Cabernet Franc
  • Merlot

Whites:

  • Sauvignon Blanc
  • Semillon
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26
Q

The wines of Graves were classified into:

A
  • CRUS CLASSÉS ROUGES
  • CRUS CLASSÉS BLANCS
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27
Q

Name the list of the 2nd classified growths from the Médoc:

A

Second Growths (Deuxièmes Crus)

  • Château Cos d’Estournel, Saint-Estèphe
  • Château Montrose, Saint-Estèphe
  • Château Pichon Longueville Baron, Pauillac
  • Château Pichon Longueville Comtesse de Lalande, Pauillac
  • Château Léoville-Las Cases, Saint-Julien
  • Château Léoville-Poyferré, Saint-Julien
  • Château Léoville Barton, Saint-Julien
  • Château Gruaud-Larose, Saint-Julien
  • Château Ducru-Beaucaillou, Saint-Julien
  • Château Rauzan-Ségla, Margaux (Margaux)
  • Château Rauzan-Gassies, Margaux (Margaux)
  • Château Durfort-Vivens, Margaux (Margaux)
  • Château Lascombes, Margaux (Margaux)
  • Château Brane-Cantenac, Margaux (Cantenac)
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28
Q

Which district produces some of the world’s greatest sweet wine?

A
  • Sauternes
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29
Q

The best Sauternes are made from which grapes?

A
  • Grapes which have been attacked by Botrytis Cinerea (pourriture noble)
  • Sauvignon Blanc
  • Sémillon (80% plantings)
  • Muscadelle
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30
Q

What are the 5 Communes of Sauternes district?

A
  1. Barsac
  2. Sauternes
  3. Fargues
  4. Preignac
  5. Bommes
31
Q

What are the ageing requirements of Sauternes?

A
  • Matured in casks min.3 years and 30-40years in bottle.
32
Q

When was the Sauternes and Barsac Classification created?

33
Q

Which Château was the only Château to be graded as Premiere Cru Supérieur?

A
  • Château D’Yquem
34
Q

Sweet wine,Sauternes appellations of Bordeaux:

A
  • Sauternes
  • Barsac
  • Cérons
  • Sainte-Croix-du-Mont
  • Cadillac
  • Loupiac
  • Premières Côtes de Bordeaux
  • Côtes de Bordeaux St.-Macaire
35
Q

What is the white wine produced by Château d’Yquem?

A
  • Château Ygrec (sold under the Bordeaux Supérieur AOC)
36
Q

When was the Classification of St.-Emilion created?

A
  • 1955 -last Modification-2012
37
Q

Where is St.-Emilion located?

A
  • Right Bank of the Gironde Estuary
38
Q

What is the soil of St.-Emilion?

A
  • Clay-limestone and Sandy-gravel
39
Q

What is the red wine blend of St.-Emilion?

A
  • Merlot (produces a softer wine than the cabernets)
  • Cabernet Franc
  • Cabernet Sauvignon
  • Malbec (small quantity)
40
Q

Bordeaux Classification list:

A

Classification—Initial Year—Latest Modification

  • 1855 Classification of Bordeaux —1855—1973
  • Classification of Sauternes (1855)—1855—1855
  • Classification of Graves (1959)—1953—1959
  • Classification of St. Émilion (2012)—1955—2012
  • Cru Artisan Classification (2002)—2002—2012
  • Cru Bourgeois Classification (2020)—2003–2020
41
Q

What are the three tiers or categories of St.-Emilion 1955 Classification?

A
  • Premier Grand Cru Classé (Category A & B)
  • Grand Cru Classé
  • Grand Cru
42
Q

What are the four Premiers Grands Crus Classés CHÂTEAUX in St.-Emilion?

A
  • Château Angélus***
  • Château Ausone
  • Château Cheval-Blanc
  • Château Pavie***
43
Q

Where is Pomerol AOC/AOP located?

A
  • Adjacent to St.-Emilion, Right bank
44
Q

What is the soil of Pomerol?

A
  • Sandy/gravel and clay (east) and sand with ‘crasse de fer’ (west).
45
Q

What is the soil of Château Pétrus?

46
Q

What is the style of Pomerol AOC/AOP?

A
  • For red wine only!!
47
Q

What is the most important and widely grown varietal in Pomerol AOC/AOP?

A
  • Merlot, followed by Cabernet Franc with a small quantity of Cab. Sauvignon
48
Q

What does the blend of Pomerol AOC/AOP consists?

A
  • 80% Merlot
  • Cabernet Franc (adds structure and savory spice)
  • Cabernet Sauvignon
  • Slightly sofer than St.-Emilion, with a slight truffle smell.
49
Q

What are the important CHÂTEAU of Pomerol?

A
  • Château Pétrus
  • Château Le Pin
  • Château La Fleur
  • Vieux Château Certan
  • Château L’Evangile
  • Château Trotanoy
  • Vielle Château Certan de May Certan
  • Château Conseilante
  • Château L’Eglise-Clinet
  • Château Latour á Pomerol
50
Q

What is the style of Fronsac and Canon Fronsac AOCs/AOPs?

What is the dominant grape?

A
  • Red/Rouge ONLY!!
  • Merlot blended with Cab. Franc, Cab. Sauvignon, Malbec
51
Q

Name the appellations of Entre-Deux-Mers:

A
  • Entre-Deux-Mers AOP- Blanc (sec)
  • Cadillac AOP- Blanc (liquoreux)
  • Graves de Vayres AOP- Rouge & Blanc (sec)
  • Loupiac AOP- Blanc (liquoreux)
  • Côtes de Bordeaux-Saint-Macaire AOP- Blanc (Sec, Moelleux, and Liquoreux)
  • Sainte-Croix-du-Mont AOP- Blanc (liquoreux)
52
Q

Name the appellations of Côtes de Bordeaux:

A
  • Côtes de Bordeaux AOP-Rouge
  • Côtes de Bordeaux AOP-Francs-Rouge & Blanc (sec & liquoreux)
  • Côtes de Bordeaux AOP-Castillon-Rouge
  • Côtes de Bordeaux AOP-Cadillac-Rouge
  • Côtes de Bordeaux AOP-Blaye-Rouge & Blanc (sec)
  • Côtes de Bordeaux AOP-St. Foy-Rouge & Blanc (sec, moelleux & liquoreux)
  • Premières Côtes de Bordeaux AOP-Blanc (liquoreux)
  • Bourg/Côtes de Bourg/Bourgeais AOP-Rouge & Blanc (sec)
  • Blaye AOP-Rouge
  • Côtes de Blaye AOP- Blanc (sec)
53
Q

What are the best vintages of Bordeaux from 2000?

A
  • 2000-2005-2009-2010-2015-2016-2018
54
Q

Who is the owner of Château d’Yquem?

A
  • The estate was under the ownership or the Lur-Saluces family from 1785 until 1999, when it was sold to LVMH.
55
Q

What is the main wine style of Pessac-Leognan?

A
  • Dry whites (Sauvignon Blanc/Semillon)
56
Q

Quality levels of Bordeaux wines:

A
  • APPELLATION PAUILLAC CONTRÔLÉE: Highest level of classification, guarantees that the wine originated from the commune of Pauillac.
  • APPELLATION HAUT-MEDOC CONTRÔLÉE/APPELLATION HAUT-MÉDOC PROTÉGEE: guarantees that the wine originated in the Haut-Médoc and meets the reqiurements off this AOC/AOP.Slightly less specific than those for Appellation Pauillac Contrôlée.
  • APPELLATION MÉDOC CONTRÔLÉE: Highest AOC for wines from the Bas-Médoc, which is north of Haut-Médoc.
  • APPELLATION BORDEAUX SUPÉRIEUR CONTRÔLÉE: Wines came from the delimited region of Bordeaux and has 1% abv above the legal min. for that style of Bordeaux wine.
  • APPELLATION BORDEAUX CONTRÔLÉE: Garantees that the wine originates in Bordeaux. It is the lowest AOC in Bordeaux.
57
Q

France Wine Classification System:

58
Q

Name the commune and the growth of the following Châteaux:

a) Ch. Giscours
b) Ch. Cos Labory
c) Ch. L’Evangille
d) Ch. Troplong-Mondot
e) Ch. Conseilant
f) Ch. Cantemerle
g) Ch. Figeac
h) Ch. Pape Clemant

A

a) Ch. Giscours-Margaux 3rd Growth
b) Ch. Cos Labory-St.-Estephe 5th Growth
c) Ch. L’Evangille-Pomerol
d) Ch. Troplong-Mondot- St.-Emilion Cat.B
e) Ch. Conseilant-Pomerol
f) Ch. Cantemerle-Haut-Medoc 5th Growth
g) Ch. Figeac-St.-Emilion Cat.B
h) Ch. Pape Clemant-Pessac(Red&White)

59
Q

What are the synonyms of Malbec in Bordeaux?

A
  • Pressac- Right Bank
  • Cahors- South West France
  • Côt-Loire
60
Q

Name the Generic Bordeaux Appellations:

A
  1. Bordeaux AOP (Rouge/Claret, Rosé, Clairet, Blanc)
  2. Bordeaux Superior AOP (Rouge,Blanc(Liquoreux),Blanc,Rosé)
  3. Crémant de Bordeaux AOP (Vin Mousseux Blanc/Rosé) Traditional Method.
61
Q

What is the second label of Château Leoville-La Cases?

A
  • Clos du Marquis
62
Q

What is the second label of Ch. Lynch-Bages?

A
  • Echo de Lynch-Bages
63
Q

What is the second label of Ch. Ducru-Beaucaillou?

A
  • La Croix de Beaucaillou
64
Q

What is the second label of Ch. Pichon-Longueville Comtesse de Lalande?

A
  • Reserve de la Comtesse
65
Q

What is the second label of Ch. Montrose?

A
  • La Dame de Montrose
66
Q

Name the Graves Appellations:

A
  • Graves AOP- Rouge,Blanc Sec
  • Graves Superiures AOP- Blanc Liquoreux
  • Pessace-Leognan AOP- Rouge, Blanc Sec
  • Cérons AOP- Blanc Liquoreux
  • Barsac AOP- Blanc Liquoreux
  • Sauternes AOP- Blanc Liquoreux
67
Q

What the are Communes of Margaux?

A
  1. Margaux
  2. Soussans
  3. Cantenac
  4. Labarde
  5. Arsac
68
Q

What are the tiers of Cru Bourgeois?

A
  • Cru Bourgeois Exceptionelle
  • Cru Bourgeois Súperieur
  • Cru Bourgeois
69
Q

What is Bouchet?

A

A synonym of Cabernet Franc on the Right Bank.

70
Q

Who is the producer of Creme de Tete?

A
  • Château Gillette
71
Q

Where can crasse de fer soil be found?

72
Q

What is cliquage?

A
  • micro-oxygenation of wine in barrel
73
Q

What vintage marked the debut of “Ygrec”?

74
Q

What are the satellite appellations of Saint-Émilion?

A
  • Saint-Georges
  • Pusseguin
  • Montagne
  • Lussac

INTRODUCTORY AND CERTIFIED OF CMS EXAMINATION (30 decks)

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