Bootcamp Chapter 8 Flashcards
Based on design requirements provided by his manager, Herb is building an alarm system ordered by one of the company’s customers. The feature set for the alarm system is less robust than those normally produced by the company. Herb’s colleague Jose insists that Herb submit a change request to expand the design requirements to more closely correspond to standard company production. Jose’s argument is that the limited feature set is inconsistent with the company’s established quality policy. What is the best way for Herb to respond to Jose?
A. Herb should admit that Jose is absolutely right
B. Herb should tell Jose that he is confusing quality with grade
C. Herb should remind Jose that the customer is always right
D. Herb should design and build a component he believes is adequate
ANSWER: B
Answer B is correct because quality is defined as “the degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfills requirements” while grade is “ a category assigned to products or services having the same functional use but different technical characteristics”. In this case, Herb has designed the system to the customer’s requirements, (quality) but Jose is asking him to expand the design beyond those requirements to comply with another standard (grade). In this case ti is likely that the project will produce a high quality, but low grade product, which is acceptable.
You have identified five different reasons that time reports are being submitted late, and have collected the frequency of occurrence for each over the last month. Which tool would you use to help determine which causes should be the focus of your corrective action?
A. Scatter diagram
B. Control chart
C. Pareto diagram
D. Attribute sample
ANSWER: C
The pareto diagram is a specific type of histogram and is based on the same principles as Pareto’s law. The Pareto law states that a small number of causes will create a large number of defects or problems. Pareto diagrams help focus attention on the most critical issues in order to get the most benefit.
The outputs of the Control Quality process include validated changes and verified deliverables. Which of the following best describes the focus of validation?
A. The change is approved and the deliverable is accepted
B. The change accomplished the intended result and the deliverable is correct.
C. The change followed the change control process and the deliverable met the requirements
D. The change was completed and the deliverable is complete
ANSWER: B
Validation focuses on assuring that the product meets the needs of the customer and other identified stakeholders.
Answer B is the correct answer because of its focus on quality
All of the following components of the project management plan are likely to be updated as a result of the Control Quality process, except________
A. Quality management plan
B. Schedule and/or cost management plans
C. Process improvement plan
D. Quality standards
ANSWER: D
Control Quality is the “process of monitoring and recording the results of executing the quality activities to assess performance and recommend necessary changes”. Quality standards are defined within the quality management plan, which is an output of the Plan Quality Management process.
You have been tracking process performance using a statistical process control chart. You have noted that the last eight data points have been moving steadily up across the mean, though well within the control limits. You determine the process is out of control based on which rule?
A. Rule of 7
B. Rule of 1
C. Trend of 7 rule
D 2 out of 3 rule
ANSWER: C
The Trend of 7 Rule states that a process is out of control whenever you have 7 data points in a row that follow a trend up or down
Which of the following tools is specifically used to verify whether a result conforms to requirements?
A. Cause and effect diagram
B. Approved change requests review
C. Control chart
D. Inspection
ANSWER: D
Correct answer because inspection is the tool used to validate deliverables.
As you control quality throughout your project, you are focused on all of the following, except________
A. Ensuring that the right quality standards are used
B. Compliance with requirements
C. Eliminating unsatisfactory performance
D. Recommending change
ANSWER: A
it is the exception to the quality control focus.
Recently, a member of your project team requested a change in the way work was being done, and the change request was approved. According to the Control Quality process, what step do you need to take regarding the approved change request?
A. Ensure that the approved change request will not negatively impact the project schedule
B. Inform stakeholders that the change request was approved
C. Ensure that the change request has been implemented as approved
D. Use information in the quality management plan to assess whether or not the change request should have actually been approved
ANSWER: C
Correct because approved change requests review is a tool and technique of the Control Quality process.
Your project’s final product depends on the production of very accurate widgets. You have determined that only the widgets that have a tolerance of .003, +/- .0005 are acceptable. Any widget not meeting this tolerance will be rejected. This is an example of________?
A. Variable sampling
B. Statistical sampling
C. Attribute sampling
D. Random sampling
ANSWER: C
An attribute sampling means that the measurements are taken to see whether or not the result conforms. The attribute is the specific measurement or characteristic about the product that is examined in each sample
Control limits are often established on the basis of standard deviations from an identified target (mean) performance. These control limits are specifically applicable to which of the following tools?
A. Cause and effect diagrams
B. Scatter diagrams
C. Pareto diagrams
D. Control charts
ANSWER: D
Control charts are the tool used to identify common-cause versus special-cause variations based on the notion that all processes experience normal variations (common cause) in performance.
You have been assigned to manage a project that is intended to move the company’s processes from a level of heroic effort to one of focus on process management (project planning, requirements management, etc). Your project is related to which of the following quality programs?
A. TQM (Total Quality Management)
B. ISO 9000
C. CMMI (Capacity Maturity Model Integration)
D. Six Sigma
ANSWER: C
CMMI is a five level model of process maturity beginning at Level 1: Initial, and advancing through Level 2: Managed, Level 3:: Defined, Level 4: Quantitatively managed, and Level 5: Optimizing.
The costs associated with the cost of quality include all of the following, except:
A. Fixed costs
B. Engineering costs
C. Calibration costs
D. Warranty costs
ANSWER: A
fixed costs fall into a general category of costs
The quality standards applicable to the project are defined in a ____
A. Process improvement plan
B. Quality management plan
C. Project management plan
D. Corporate quality policy
ANSWER: B
The quality management plan contains the information required to define the approach to quality management, the quality policy for the project, the metrics and tools to be sued in quality control, and the activities of quality assurance.
Project quality is always defined in the context of the organization’s quality environment. Which of the following is not an enterprise environmental factor for the Plan Quality Management process?
A. Working conditions
B. Government regulations
C. Corporate quality policy
D. Application area specific standards
ANSWER: C
The corporate quality policy is an organizational process asset, not an enterprise environmental factor
The notion that quality is planned into a project, not inspected into it, is a fundamental tenet of modern quality management; but it can perhaps be most closely traced to which of the following theorists?
A. Deming
B. Juran
C. Akao
D. Crosby
ANSWER: D
Phillip Crosby promoted the Zero Defects theory whose goal is to prevent defects from occurring at all thereby saving the cost of nonconformance.
