Bones

Question 1

explain concept of osteoblast and osteoclast

Answer 1

osteoblast (formation) are cells that forms bone tissues while osteoclast (resorption) are cells degrades the old bone for remodelling

Question 2

is a progressive bone disease that weakens the bones and increases the risk of fractures. It’s often called silent disease as symptoms does not occur during bone loss

Answer 2

osteoporosis

Question 3

osteoporosis risk factors

Answer 3

women and post menopausal women
men with smoking history
genetics
inactive lifestyle
aging
low testosterone levels
alcoholism
smokers

Question 4

nursing interventions for osteoporosis

Answer 4

diagnose by bone densitometry x-ray - determine rate of bone loss and chances of fractures
limit alcohol
quit smoking
exercise
increase calcium, green and dark leafy veges
vitamin d supplements

Question 5

bisphosphonates pharmacodynamics

Answer 5

inhibit osteoclast resorption and remodelling function
absorbed into hydroxyapatite crystals in bone
slows rate of growth and dissolution

Question 6

bisphosphonates meds

Answer 6

alendronate

Question 7

bisphosphonates nursing considerations

Answer 7

needs adequate calcium and vitamin D as:
calcium inhibits bone resorption
vitamin D promotes mineralisation and regulates bone homeostasis

Question 8

bisphosphonates adverse effects

Answer 8

inhibits bone turnover - softens bone or risk of infections
risk of oral bone structure - increased infection risk during dental surgery