Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Antidepressants > Flashcards

Antidepressants Flashcards

1
Q

3 neurotransmitters implicated in depression

A

Serotonin
Dopamine
Noradrenaline/ Norepinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

S&S of Depression

A

Persistent low mood
loss of pleasure in usual activities
fatigue
changes in sleep habits
difficulty in concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Aetiology (cause) of depression

A

stressful events
physical illness
genetics
social isolation
trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what antidepressants do

A

bring neurotransmitters (serotonin, dopamine and noradrenaline) normal level in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how long antidepressants benefits can be observed and what are noticeable changes

A

up to 8 weeks
improvement in sleep, appetite and motivation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

neurotransmitter found in the brain made by amino acid trytophan. Contributes to feeling of wellbeing and happiness

This is also 90% found in the GI tract, increases gastric and colonic motility, nausea, vasoconstriction and platelet aggregation

A

Serotonin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

5- hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a monoamine neurotransmitter also called as

A

Serotonin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzyme catalyses or breakdown which neurotransmitters?

A

Serotonin (5-HT)
Dopamine
Noradrenaline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

4 classes of Antidepressant drugs

A

SSRI/ Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
SNRI/ Serotonin and Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA)
Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Pharmacodynamics of SSRI and SNRI

A

Inhibit reuptake pumps for serotonin and noradrenaline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Temporary or transitory adverse effects of SSRIs and SNRIs

A

Dizziness, confusion, disorientation, increased anxiety
Nausea
Sleepiness
Suicidal thoughts (young people)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Long term adverse effects of SSRIs and SNRIs

A

Tremor
Sexual dysfunction
Sweating
Hyponatraemia
Weight loss or gain
HTN and Tachy (SNRI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Pharmacodynamics of TCA (Tricyclic Antidepressants)

A

Serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors
Histamine (inflammatory mediator for allergic reactions) and acetycholine (parasympathetic neurotransmitter) antigonist
Na and Ca channels inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

First line drug of depression and anxiety

A

SSRI (Selective Serotonin reuptake inhibitors)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Major side effect of SSRI overdose

A

Serotonin Syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

SSRI meds

A

Citalopram
Escitalopram

Setraline

Fluoxetine

Vilazodone

17
Q

Inhibits serotonin reuptake = increasing serotonin levels

A

SSRI

18
Q

Inhibits serotonin and noradrenaline or dopamine and noradrenaline reuptake

A

SNRI/ DNRI

19
Q

do not mix ________ with MAOIs or TCAs

A

SNRI and DNRI

20
Q

SNRI/ DNRI meds

A

Bupropion (used for smoking cessation)

Duloxetine

Venlafaxine

Milnacipran

Nefazodone

21
Q

Adverse effects of TCAs

A

Tremors
Cardio: Arrythmias, postural hypotension
Anticholinergics: dry mouth, dysphagia, constipation, urinary retention, palpitations
Sedation and seizures

22
Q

TCA meds

A

Amitriptyline
Nortriptyline

Doxepine

Clomipramine

23
Q

Blocks monoamine oxidase causing an increase in adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine and serotonin or increase in CNS stimulation

A

MAOI (Monoamine oxidase inhibitor)

24
Q

Adverse effects of MAOIs

A

Orthostatic hypotension (encourage pt to rise slowly)
Dizziness
Blurred vission

Constipation
Dry mouth
N&V

HTN crisis

25
Q

Foods to avoid while taking MAOIs

A

aged cheese
fermented meats
chocolate
caffeinated beverages
sour and cream yoghurt

26
Q

MAOI meds

A

Phenelzine

Tranylcypromine

Isocarboxazid

27
Q

Excess noradrenaline causes

A

anxiety
aggression
HTN

28
Q

deficient noradrenaline causes

A

depression
lack of focus

29
Q

excess serotonin causes

A

headache
confusion
tachycardia
HTN

30
Q

deficient serotonin causes

A

depression
anxiety
fatigue

31
Q

Nursing considerations for pts taking MAOIs

A

Up to 4 weeks therapeutic benefits

Educate pt S&S of HTN crisis

Avoid foods with Tyramine (aged cheese, fermented meats, chocolate, caffeinated beverages, sour cream and yoghurt)

32
Q

Nursing considerations for pts taking TCAs

A

up to 2- 3 weeks to see therapeutic benefits

Wait for 2 weeks before starting TCAs after being off from MAOIs

33
Q

Nursing considerations for pts taking SSRI

A

up to 4-6 weeks efficacy

Take meds during morning

First line drug for depression and anxiety

Pt (younger people) can be suicidal as they have the energy to plan

34
Q

Nursing considerations for SNRI

A

up to 4-6 weeks efficacy

DO NOT MIX WITH TCAs and MAOIs

DO NOT use it with Zyban (meds for smoking cessation) cause overdose

Pharmacology (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions