Bone Marrow Collection site

Question 1

Preferred BM aspiration sites in adults

Answer 1

Posterior superior iliac crest, Anterior superior iliac crest

Question 2

Preferred BM aspiration site in children

Answer 2

Anterior medial surface of the tibia

Question 3

Other BM collection sites

Answer 3

Spinous process of the vertebrae, ribs, sternum

Question 4

Indications for bone marrow examination: Neoplasia

Answer 4

Acute and chronic leukemias, Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas, Metastatic tumors

Question 5

Indications for bone marrow examination: Marrow failure

Answer 5

Aplastic anemia, Pure red cell aplasia, Sickle cell crisis

Question 6

Indications for bone marrow examination: Metabolic disorders

Answer 6

Gaucher disease, Mast cell disease

Question 7

Indications for bone marrow examination: Infections

Answer 7

Miliary tuberculosis, Fungal infections

Question 8

Indications for bone marrow examination: Monitoring treatment

Answer 8

Post-chemotherapy, Post-stem cell transplantation

Question 9

Recommended number of cells for marrow differential

Answer 9

At least 500 cells (preferably 1,000 cells)

Question 10

M:E ratio

Answer 10

Proportion of myeloid cells to nucleated erythroid precursors in bone marrow

Question 11

Normal M:E ratio in adults

Answer 11

1.5:1

Question 12

Leukemia M:E ratio

Answer 12

0.41736111111111107

Question 13

Bone marrow aspirate

Answer 13

Disturbs bone marrow architecture, used for individual cell morphology analysis

Question 14

Bone marrow smear retention

Answer 14

Should be retained for 10 years

Question 15

Bone marrow biopsy

Answer 15

Removed intact, better picture of bone marrow structure, used for architecture analysis

Question 16

Extramedullary hematopoiesis

Answer 16

Blood cell production outside bone marrow, occurs mainly in liver and spleen

Question 17

Conditions for extramedullary hematopoiesis

Answer 17

Aplastic anemia, malignant infiltration, hemolytic anemias