blood components Flashcards
1
Q
n conjunction in blood component preparation, this happens ___
hours after the donor bleeding
A
6-8
2
Q
interval for allogenic blood donation
A
2 months
3
Q
interval for apheresis
A
2 days
4
Q
max donation of apheresis
A
2 times per week
5
Q
do leukopheresis has definite time in terms of donation interval
A
no, so we follow plasmapheresis for it
6
Q
is the collection of a specific blood component with the
interval of 48 hours, or 2 days
A
apheresis
7
Q
needle angle for donor bleeding
A
45* angle and reduce to 10-20*
8
Q
time allocation for donor bleeding
A
7-10 minutes and should be less than 15 mns
9
Q
specific blood component that can’t be prepared if the donor bleeding is longer than fifteen mns
A
cryoprecipitate
10
Q
blood bag content
A
citrate
dextrose/glucose
citric acid
phosphate buffer
adenine
11
Q
increase citrate in blood bag will cause __
A
citrate toxicity resulting to hypocalcemia
12
Q
blood bag content that serves as the anticoagulant
A
citrate
13
Q
blood bag content that serves as the ATP source
A
dextrose/glucose
14
Q
blood bag content that prevents caramelization
A
citric acid
15
Q
additional source of ATP in blood bag
A
phosphate buffer
16
Q
ADDITIONAL SOURCE FOR ATP PRODUCTION
A
ADENINE
17
Q
helps in survival when it comes to blood bag contents
A
adenine
basta kapag namention survival adenine agad
18
Q
preservatives we used in transfusion medicine
A
ACD
CPD
CP2D
CPDA1
CPDA2
19
Q
blood bag shelf life depends on
A
preservatives
20
Q
ACD shelf life
A
acid citrate dextrose - 21 days
21
Q
CPD shelf life
A
citrate phosphate dextrose - 21 days
22
Q
cp2d shelf life
A
citrate phosphate double dextrose - 21 days
23
Q
CPDA-1 shelf life
A
citrate phosphate dextrose adenine 1 - 35 days
24
Q
CPDA-2 shelf life
A
citrate phosphate dextrose adenine 2 - 42 days
25
the preservatives, ac, cpd, cp2d, cpda1, and cpda2 is intended for what blood components
whole blood and packed rbcs
26
additive solutions components
saline
adenine
glucose
mannitol
27
the must category in each blood component we are preserving is it must be in ___
closed system
28
purpose of additive solution
allows the longer storage of blood
29
manufacturers are able to extend the shelf life of blood component for 42 days, what are the additive solutions they created
adsol
nutricel
optisoln
30
adsol's manufacturer
baxter healthcare
31
nutricel's manufacturer
pall corporation
32
optisol's manufcturer
terumo corporation
33
expired red cell are can be used again through
rejuvenation
34
the only blood or red cells we can rejuvenate are the rbc's that are outdated for ___
fewer than 3 days
35
the only FDA approved rejuvenating solution
rejuvesol
36
other rejuvenating solution aside from rejuvesol
PIGPA and PIPA
37
PIGPA and PIPA is introduced by whom
valerie an coworkers
38
PIGPA means
phosphate
inosine
glucose
pyruvate
adenine
39
a component of rejuvenating solution that is removed
glucose
40
rejuvenated rbc is only useable for how many hrs
24 hrs
41
in terms of biochemical changes, we take note of what pattern
oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve
42
oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve normal characteristics/appearance
sigmoid shape
43
parameters or factors being affected in biochemical changes
decrease pH
decrease in glucose consumption
buildup of lactic acid
decrease in atp
reversible loss of rbc function
44
high partial pressure of oxygen in tissue is shift to the __
shift to the left
45
if the partial pressure of oxygen in the tissue is low, it will be shift to the __
right
46
shift to the left changes in the parameters
decrease 2,3 dpg
decrease body temperature
decrease partial pressure of carbon dioxide
decrease partial pressure of oxygen
increase pH
increase hgb affinity
47
dpg means
diphosphoglycerate
48
shift to the right changes in the parameters
increase 2,3 dpg
increase body temp
increase partial pressure of carbon dioxide
increase partial pressure of oxygen
decrease pH
decrease hgb affinity
49
mechanism of biochemical changes in the parameters when it comes to whole blood storage
pH increase
atp decrease
2,3 dpg decrease
plasma hgb increase
plasma potassium increase
plasma sodium decrease
50
all blood components came from
single unit of whole blood
51
if the whole blood is for platelet manufacturing, the spin must be
soft and light spin
52
if the whole blood is NOT for platelet manufacturing, the spin must be
hard and heavy spin
53
rpm for light spin
3200 rpm 2-3 mns
54
RPM for heavy spin
3600 rpm for 5-7 minutes
55
blood component for light spin
red cells, platelet rich plasma,
56
relative centrifugal force for light spin
2000 g
57
relative centrifugal force for hard spin
5000g
58
blood products that undergoes hard spin
packed rbc, plt concentrate , cryoprecipitate
59
if we like to harvest rbc and platelets
five mns
60
if we like to harvest cryoprecipitate and platelets
7 mns
61
storage temperature for packed rbc
1-6 * C
62
standard volume for packed rbc is
200 ml
63
platelet rich plasma standard volume
250 ml
64
platelet poor plasma standard volume
200 ml
65
fresh frozen plasma standard volume
180-190 ml
66
cryoprecipitate standard volume
10-15 ml
67
2 ways on how to store fresh frozen plasma
-18*C for 1 yr
-65*C for 7 years
68
where do we get cryoprecipitate
fractionated from fresh frozen plasma
69
how to produce cryoprecipitate from FFP
hard spin FFP at 4*C and get the white precipitate
70
standard volume of cryoprecipitate from FFP
10-15 ml
71
cryoprecipitate can be stored for about ___*C for about how many months
-18*C for 1 year/12 months
72
a blood component or product given to patient to replace the massive blood loss and plasma volume
whole blood
73
storage temp of whole blood
1-6*C
74
transport temp of whole blood
1-10*C
75
shelf life of whole blood
depends on the preservative
76
in open system, whole blood's shelf life is
24 hrs
77
indication if the patient has acute blood loss is that if the ___ blood volume is loss
25%
78
____ are indicated for increasing the RBC mass in patients who require increased oxygen carrying capacity
packed rbcs
79
storage life of packed rbc
1-6*C
80
each unit of transfused rbc is expected to increase hgb to about
1-1.5 g/dl
81
if we are transfuring packed rbc the hematocrit must increase to
3-5% for 70.kg individual (154 pounds )
82
the hct of our packed rbc must be
less than or equal to 80%
83
leukocyte-reduced RBC is given to patients to reduce
febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions
transfusion-associated graft versus host disease
and transfusion-related immune supression
84
the blood that must be given to TA GVHD must be
transfusion-associated- graft versus host disease
irradiated
85
are responsible for alloimmunization
human leukocyte antigens
86
leukocytes may harbor what viruses
cytomegalovirus
epstein barr virus
human immunodeficiency virus
human t lymphotropic virus
87
leukocyte-reduced rbc storage temperature
1-6*C
88
ideal sample of cytomegalovirus
blood
89
the appearance of CMV in blood into a cytopathic effect in cell culture is __
owl's eye appearance
90
Reed Sternberg cell owl’s eye appearance is associated with
__.
Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
91
__ it is associated with infectious mononucleosis.
Estein-Barr Virus
92
rbc volume of leukocyte-reduced rbc must be
2 X 10 ^9 per unit
93
leukocyte volume of leukocyte-reduced rbc must be
5 X 10^9 per unit
94
How can we prepare this Leukocyte-reduced RBCs?
Through filtration,
centrifugation, and saline washing.
95
purpose of using washed RBC
removing plasma proteins which causes most of allergic reactions
are used for rare patients who has anti IgA antibodies because of IgA deficiencies
and to increase the RBC mass of symptomatic anemic patients with history of allergy, urticarial and anaphylactic reactions
96
storage temp of washed RBCs
1-6*C
97
if we used automatic cell washer for washed RBC will have a shelf life of
14 days
98
how to use automated cell washer
there must be a removal of residual cell plasma,
we must remove less than 0.5 grams per residual unit of plasma
99
what type of hypersensitivity are we talking about on the purpose of washed rbc
type 1 hypersensitivity
100
in automatic cell washer we resuspending ___ ml of SAGM
100 ml of SAGM removing less than 0.5 grams of residual plasma
101
allows the long-term storage of rare
blood donor units, autologous units, and units for special
purposes, such as intrauterine transfusion.
frozen RBCs
102
cryoprotective agent is used in frozen rbc
glycerol
103
most commonly used cryoprotective agent
glycerol
104
glycerol is introduced by
audrey smith
105
40% of glycerol, we are storing rbc in
-65*C
106
20% of glycerol, we are storing rbc in
-120*C
107
shelf life of frozen rbc
10 yrs
108
the criteria we could use in freezing the rbc must be
6 days old
109
the process of freezing the RBC is called as
glycerolization
110
in agglomeration we must use
FEGG
fructose
edta
glycerol
glucose
111
type of freezer we must used in 40% glycerol with -65*C is
mechanical freezer
112
type of freezer used in -120*C or 20% glycerol is
liquid nitrogen
113
if we are using the frozen rbcs, we must prepare it first by doing ___
deglycerolization
114
criteria of the solution for deglycerolization
with decreasing osmolarity
115
solutions used in deglycerolization with high glycerol
12% Nacl
1.6% Nacl
0.9% Nacl +
0.2% Dextrose
116
solutions used in deglycerolization for low glycerol
45% NaCl + 15% mannitol
0.9% NaCl
117
solutions used in deglycerolization for agglomeration
50% glucose +
5% fructose
0.9% NaCl
118
119
deglycerolized samples must be used within
24 hrs
120
s are indicated for patients who
are bleeding because of thrombocytopenia or, in a few cases,
owing to abnormally functioning platelets.
platelet concentrates
121
plt concentrates are provided to patients who have
thrombocytopenia
having chemotherapy for malignancy
DIC
massive transfusion
122
DIC has how many plt
less than 50,000 u/l
123
storage of plt concentrate must be
RT with continuous agitation
124
shelf life of plt concentrate
5 days
125
Bakit need i-agitate ang plt concentrate ?
1. Facilitation of oxygen within the cell.
2. To prevent platelet aggregation.
3. Maintain pH
126
how to extend plt concentrate's shelf life
use Pan genera detection test for 7 days
127
used to observe if the plt concentrate has bacteria already
pan genera detection test
128
plt concentrate most bacteria contaminants
staphylococcus epidermidis
bacillus cereus
129
plt concentrate that is from whole blood concentration is called
random donor platelet
130
plt concentrate that is from apheresis
single donor platelet
131
pH of plt concentrate
> or equal to 6.2
132
plt concentration of random donor plt
5.5 X 10^10
133
plt concentration of single donor plt
3 X 10^11
134
this is the failure to respond on the particular
platelet transfusion. Hindi nagr-respond ang patient kahit sinalinan na
ng platelet
platelet refractoriness
135
Paano malalaman if nagrespond na ang patient? It is within how many minutes
10 mns to 1 hr
136
CCI formula
absolute plt increment X body surface are
divided by
number of plt transfused (10^11)
137
how to fin dthe absolute plt increment
post transfusion plt count - pre transfusion plt count
138
how to find the number of plt transfused
number of units of platelet given X the factor of 0.55
139
manner of reporting or interpretation for CCI
good or bad incremement
139
140
CCI →
Corrected count increment
141
good increment means
greater than 10,000
142
blood component that is used to treat multiple coagulation deficiencies occuring in patients with liver failure, DIC, vitamin K deficiency, warfarin overdose, or massive transfusion
FFP
143
enumerate the conditions we used FFP to treat multiple coagulation deficiencies
DIC
liver disease
vitamin K deficiencies
warfarin overdose
massive overdose
144
Vitamin K antagonist when it comes to coagulation factors:
coag factors IX, X, VII, II
145
Warfarin overdose
coumadin, aspirin
146
storage life of FFP
1 yr in -18*C
147
-65*C of FFP has a shelf life of
7 yrs
148
used primarily for fibrinogen replacement
cryoprecipitate
149
cryoprecipitate is given to patients with
vWDs,
Hemophilia A,
factor XIII deficiency
150
storage life of cryoprecipitate
-18*C for 1 yr
151
cryoprecipitate must have ____ mg of fibrinogen for fibrinogen replacement
150mg
152
cryoprecipitate must have ____ mg of factor VIII for FACTOR VIII replacement
80 units
153
cryoprecipitate must have ____ mg of vWF for von willebrand replacement
80-100 units per bag
154
cryoprecipitate must have ____ mg of factor XIII for factor XIII replacement
60 units per bag
155
Cryoprecipitate after thawing must be administered with in how many hrs
6 hrs
156
units of components per bag is based on what agency
NHSBT national health service blood and transplant
157
scenario
physician requires, 6-8 units of cryoprecipitate to become 1 so we can open only 1 bag in all.
upon pooling, we must administer it for how many hrs
4 hrs
158
Determining the desired number of Cryoprecipitate bags to be
transfused to patient with Factor VIII deficiency\
give the formula
of cryo bags =
desired level of factor Viii X plasma volume ml
divide them all by 80
159
why is 80 used in the formula in determining the # of cryo bags for factor VIII deficiency
the required volume of factor VIII per unit of blood is 80 units (mg )
160
Example
* Desired level of Factor VIII: 70%
* Patients’ plasma volume: 2,500mL
0.7 x 2,500/80 = 22 units
of cryoprecipitated blood sa patients with
Factor A deficiency.
161
Granulocytes are occasionally needed as a
transfusion product for patients who are
severely neutropenic and have infections that are unresponsive to traditional therapy
Granulocyte dysfunction or myeloid hypoplasia
162
storage life of granulopheressi
rt but 24 hrs duration
163
used to stimulate neutrophil
corticosteroids
164
3 special agents na ginagamit for granulopheresis:
Hydroxyethyl starch
Corticosteroids
GCSF (Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating factor.
165
This product is used in the treatment of classic
hemophilia and hemophilia A and in persons deficient in factor
VIII.
Factor VIII concentrate
166
storage life of Factor VIII concentrate
1-6 *
167
Factor VIII concentrate STORGAE LIFE
depends on the manufacturer
168
factor VIII concentrate we have is in what form
lyophilized/powder form
169
forms of Factor IX Concentrate
prothrombin complex concentrates
Factor IX Concentrate
recombinant factor IX
170
Prevent or control bleeding in patients with
Hemophilia B or with specific factor deficiencies.
Factor IX Concentrate
171
shelf life of Factor IX Concentrate
depends on the manufacturer
172
