!! Blood

Question 1

what is blood

what 4 components does it contain

Answer 1

plasma (liquid part of blood)

red blood cells

white blood cells

platelets (tiny fragments of cells)

Question 2

what is the job of blood plasma

Answer 2

transport dissolved substances around the body, such as;

soluble digestion products (e.g glucose) from the small intestine to other organs

carbon dioxide (produced by aerobic respiration) from the organs to the lungs to be breathed out

the waste product urea from the liver to the kidneys to be excreted in urine

Question 3

job of red blood cells

Answer 3

transport oxygen from the lungs to the body cells

Question 4

how are red blood cells adapted

Answer 4

contain oxygen, carrying molecule haemoglobin

no nucleus to have more room for haemoglobin

centre of cell there are dimples, this shape is called biconcave disc

gives them a greater SA so oxygen can diffuse in an out rapidly

Question 5

how does haemoglobin travel around the body

what does it do

Answer 5

in red blood cells

combines with oxygen in lungs to form oxyhaemoglobin

red blood cells then travel to the organs where the oxyhaemoglobin releases the oxygen

Question 6

word equation for the formation of oxyhaemoglobin

and reverse reaction

Answer 6

haemoglobin + oxygen ————–> oxyhaemoglobin
lungs

oxyhaemoglobin ———–> haemoglobin + oxygen
organs

Question 7

job and structure of white blood cell

Answer 7

part of immune system e.g by making antibodies

contain nucleus which contains DNA which encodes the instructions they need to do their job

Question 8

what are platelets

what do they do

Answer 8

tiny fragments of cells

help blood clot

Question 9

3 uses of donated blood

Answer 9

replace blood lost during injury

some people given platelets extracted from blood to help in clotting

proteins extracted from blood can also be useful e.g antibodies

Question 10

disadvantages of using donated blood

Answer 10

in blood transfusions donated blood and paitent both have to be the same blood type

otherwise the paitent’s immune system will reject the blood and paitent could die

risk of infection as many different diseases can be transmitted in blood

in UK all donated blood screened so risk is extremely low

Question 11

what is a tissue

Answer 11

group of similar cells that act harmoniously to perform a similar function