B2, Organisation

Question 1

which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood away from the heart to the lungs

Answer 1

passage next to the right atrium

Question 2

Where in the heart are ‘pacemaker cells’ found

Answer 2

right atrium

Question 3

Where does the drug digitalis originate from

Answer 3

foxgloves

Question 4

Name the enzyme that digests starch in the human digestive system

Answer 4

amalayse

Question 5

what is the reagent used to test for starch

Answer 5

iodine solution

Question 6

what is the reagents used to test for sugar

Answer 6

benedict solution

Question 7

Name the enzyme that digests protein in the human digestive system

Answer 7

protease

Question 8

Name the enzyme that digests lipid in the human digestive system

Answer 8

lipase

Question 9

what is lipid

Answer 9

fat/ oil

Question 10

what small molecule does protease absorb

where is protease found

Answer 10

• amino acids

- stomach, pancreas and small intestine

Question 11

what small molecule does amelayse absorb

where in the body do you find amelayse

Answer 11

• glucose

- small intestine, pancreas, salivary gland (mouth)

Question 12

what small molecule does lipase absorb

where in the body is lipase found

Answer 12

• fatty acid and glycerol

- pancrease and small intestine

Question 13

where is bile made and stored

where does it go

Answer 13

made in the liver, stored in the gall bladder

goes into the small intestine

Question 14

what is atheroma

what does it cause

Answer 14

buildup of colesterol in the walls of the coronary artery

narrow lumen meaning less blood can go through

Question 15

what is a thrombus

Answer 15

blood clot that can block a coronary artery

Question 16

aneurysm

what can it cause

Answer 16

rupture in a blood vessel due to a weakening of the wall of the artery
reduce the flow of blood through a coronary artery

Question 17

what is a heart attack

Answer 17

when heart muscle cells (usually) in the left ventricle receive insufficient blood

Question 18

what is a lumen

Answer 18

hole in the middle of an artery

Question 19

what types of tissue do artery walls have

Answer 19

elastic and muscle

Question 20

why does the artery wall have elastic tissue

Answer 20

to pump and accommodate high pressure blood

Question 21

why does the artery wall have elastic tissue

Answer 21

to help push blood along when the heart is relaxed

Question 22

why does the artery wall have muscle tissue

Answer 22

to control blood flow to different parts of the body and control blood pressure

Question 23

non-communicable disease

Answer 23

disease that cannot be passed from one person to another/ not caused by a pathogen

Question 24

stages in the formation of cancers in humans

Answer 24

• genes that control cell division change (accept mutation)
• cell undergoes uncontrolled division
• malignant spread to different parts of the body
• forming secondary tumors

Question 25

state 2 advantages of an electron microscope over a light microscope

Answer 25

• higher magnification

- higher resolution

Question 26

why is it difficult to develop drugs that kill viruses

Answer 26

viruses live and reproduce in cells do those drugs could damage or kill healthy cells

Question 27

effect of HIV in humans

Answer 27

• presents flu-like symptoms
• attacks the immune system
• immune system becomes so weak it cannot deal with disease or infection