4.2.2.2, The heart and blood vessels Flashcards
what is the heart
a muscular organ that pumps blood around the body in a double circulatory system
where does the right ventricle pump blood
to the lungs
where gas exchange takes place
where does the left ventricle pump blood
around the rest of the body, that is not the lungs
how is the natural resting heartrate controlled
by a group of cells, located in the right atrium, that act as a pacemaker
what are artificial pacemakers
electrical devices used to correct irregularities in the heart rate
what are the three different types of blood vessel
arteries
veins
capillaries
why might someone be fitted with an artificial pacemaker
if they have an irregular heartbeat
where does the heart receive oxygenated blood from
where does the heart receive deoxygenated blood from
through the pulmonary vein
through a vein called the vena cava
what do the coronary arteries do
supply the heart muscle with oxygenated blood
where does the heart pump out oxygenated blood to the body
where does the heart pump out deoxygenated blood to the body
through the aorta
through the pulmonary artery
what are the 4 chambers of the heart
right ventricle
left ventricle
left atrium
right atrium
what do valves in the heart do
stop the blood flowing backwards
describe the 5 stages of the double circulatory system
deoxygenated blood from the body enters the heart
this is pumped out of the heart and towards the lungs by the right ventricle
at lungs, deoxygenated blood exchanges co2 for 02, becoming oxygenated
oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium of the heart
gives its oxygen to body cells in exchange for co2, so becomes deoxygenated and returns to the heart
