4.6

Question 1

what does meiosis do to the number of chromosomes in gametes

Answer 1

halves them

Question 2

what does fertalisation do to the number of chromosomes

Answer 2

restores the full number of chromosomes

Question 3

which cells divide by meiosis to form gametes

Answer 3

cells in reproductive organs

Question 4

what happens to the genetic information when a cell divides by meiosis to form gametes

Answer 4

copies of the genetic information is made

Question 5

what happens to the 4 gametes from the cell division

Answer 5

join at fertilisation to restore the normal number of chromosomes

the new cell then divides by mitosis

increasing the number of cells

Question 6

what happens to the cells as the embryo develop

Answer 6

they differentiate

Question 7

who developed the traditional classification system

and when

Answer 7

Carl Linnaeus

1700s

Question 8

what are the different classifications in the Linnaeus system

Answer 8

kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species

Question 9

why is it important that blood glucose levels are controlled

Answer 9

glucose is needed by every cell to release energy by respiration

essential the concentration of glucose in the blood is controlled and stays as constant as possible

Question 10

how is a person with type 1 diabetes different from a person without diabetes

Answer 10

person with type 1 diabetes pancreas cannot produce the hormone insulin

so their blood glucose levels can rise to dangerous levels, especially after a meal

Question 11

what is classification

Answer 11

process of putting living organisms into groups

Question 12

who developed the Linnean system

and when

Answer 12

Carl Linneas

1700s

Question 13

List the 7 levels of the Linnean system

Answer 13

Kingdom
Phyla
Class
Order
Family 
Genus 
Species

Question 14

how is the kingdom taxa different to the species taxa

Answer 14

kingdom is the top level and has the:

fewest groups

most individuals

and greatest variation

Question 15

how is the kingdom taxa different to the species taxa

Answer 15

the kingdom is the top level and has the fewest groups, most individuals and greatest variation

species is the lowest level and has the most groups with the fewest individuals who are most similar to each other

Question 16

how are things classified into groups in the linnean system

Answer 16

depending on their structure and characteristics

Question 17

how are organisms names

Answer 17

by the binomial system of genus and species

e.g homo sapiens

Question 18

impact on biology from classification systems

Answer 18

aids communication and evolutionary relationships

Question 19

how did the understanding of biochemical process progress

Answer 19

evidence of internal structures became more developed due to improvements in microscopes

Question 20

who developed the three-domain system

and when

Answer 20

Carl Woese

1900s

Question 21

how are organisms divided in the three-domain system

Answer 21

Archeae

Bacteria

Eukaryota

Question 22

which organisms are placed into Archaea

Answer 22

primitive bacteria usually living in extreme environments

Question 23

which organisms are placed into Bacteria

Answer 23

true bacteria

Question 24

which organisms are placed into Eukaryota

Answer 24

all complex cellular organisms

which includes: animals, plants, protists and fungi

Question 25

what are evolutionary trees used for

what data do they use

Answer 25

method used by scientists to show how they believe organisms are related

use current classification data for living organisms and fossil data for extinct organisms

Question 26

how can you tell which organisms are most commonly related using an evolutionary tree

Answer 26

which have the most common ancestor

Question 27

how many times do cells divide to form gametes

Answer 27

cell divides twice to form 4 gametes, each with a single set of chromosomes

Question 28

are all gametes genetically identical to each other

Answer 28

no they are all different